caa a22 4500 445299541 CHVBK 20180317142552.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20100601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11430-010-0078-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11430-010-0078-z An englacial image and water pathways of the fourcade glacier on King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, inferred from ground-penetrating radar [Elektronische Daten] [Joohan Lee, Ki Kim, Jong Hong, Young Jin] The distribution of small fractures and water content of the Fourcade glacier on King George Island, Antarctica, was investigated in November 2006 and December 2007 by two ground-based (470- and 490-m-long profiles) and one helicopter-borne (470-m-long profile) ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys using 50-, 100-, and 500-MHz antennas. Radar images in the pre-migrated GPR sections are characterized by a smooth ice surface and irregular bed topography, numerous diffraction hyperbolas in the ice and at the glacier bed, strong scattering noise, and near-surface folded layers. Scattering noise above a mound in the center of the profiles is associated with an area of dense fractures extending down from the ice surface that has relatively low reflection strength. Near the northeast ends of the profiles where few englacial fractures occur, scattering noise may result from the presence of warmer ice. A water-filled conduit and an air-filled cavity are interpreted as the source of two distinct hyperbolas in sub-glacial valleys based on the polarity of the reflections. Through migration velocity analysis on 106 hyperbolas, radar velocities were obtained for the 100-MHz ground-based profile. Using the velocities and Paren's mixture formula, we calculated the water content of the ice to have been in the range of 0.00-0.09. High water content occurs near the glacier margin, in sub-glacial valleys, and in zones of scattering noise. Science China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010 GPR nationallicence water content nationallicence Fourcade glacier nationallicence scattering noise nationallicence migration velocity analysis nationallicence fractures nationallicence Lee Joohan Korea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Techno Park, 7-50, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840, Incheon, Korea aut Kim Ki Department of Geophysics, Kangwon National University, 200-701, Chunchon, Korea aut Hong Jong Korea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Techno Park, 7-50, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840, Incheon, Korea aut Jin Young Korea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Techno Park, 7-50, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840, Incheon, Korea aut Science China Earth Sciences SP Science China Press 53/6(2010-06-01), 892-900 1674-7313 53:6<892 2010 53 11430 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-0078-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-0078-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Joohan Korea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Techno Park, 7-50, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840, Incheon, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Ki Department of Geophysics, Kangwon National University, 200-701, Chunchon, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hong Jong Korea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Techno Park, 7-50, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840, Incheon, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jin Young Korea Polar Research Institute, Songdo Techno Park, 7-50, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, 406-840, Incheon, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Science China Earth Sciences SP Science China Press 53/6(2010-06-01), 892-900 1674-7313 53:6<892 2010 53 11430 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer