caa a22 4500 445300337 CHVBK 20180317142555.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20101001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11430-010-4040-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11430-010-4040-x The radial evolution of earthward BBFs during substorm [Elektronische Daten] [YuDuan Ma, JinBin Cao, H. Reme, I. Dandouras, E. Lucek, M. Dunlop] We here study the occurrence rate, probability function of velocity and duration of earthward bursty bulk flows (BBFs) in the Inner Plasma Sheet (IPS, β>0.5) using the data of Cluster in 2001 and 2002. The occurrence rate of earthward BBFs increases with distance from the Earth up to −19 RE, which is in agreement with the previous observations of the radial evolution of BBFs. About 54% of earthward BBFs in expansion phase have a velocity larger than 600 km/s, whereas only 38% of earthward BBFs in growth and recovery phases have a velocity larger than 600 km/s. The average velocity of earthward BBFs in expansion phase is 732 km/s, larger than those in growth phase (631 km/s) and recovery phase (617 km/s). The durations of earthward BBFs decrease with the decrease of downtail distance from Earth due to the braking of earthward BBFs. The duration of earthward BBFs in expansion phase is larger than that in growth and recovery phases. The average durations in growth, expansion, and recovery phases are respectively 49.3, 71.5, and 47.6 s. Therefore, the ratios of transports of energy of earthward BBFs in growth, expansion, and recovery phases can be estimated to be 0.51:1:0.47. Thus, the earthward BBFs in the expansion phase have the largest capability of the transport of energy and can produce the largest braking effects, such as inertial currents and auroral activities. Science China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010 substorm nationallicence growth nationallicence expansion nationallicence recovery nationallicence duration nationallicence energy transport nationallicence Ma YuDuan School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 100191, Beijing, China aut Cao JinBin School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 100191, Beijing, China aut Reme H. Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, 31028, Toulouse, France aut Dandouras I. Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, 31028, Toulouse, France aut Lucek E. Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW72AZ, London, UK aut Dunlop M. Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, UK aut Science China Earth Sciences SP Science China Press 53/10(2010-10-01), 1542-1551 1674-7313 53:10<1542 2010 53 11430 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-4040-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-4040-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ma YuDuan School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 100191, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cao JinBin School of Astronautics, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 100191, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Reme H. Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, 31028, Toulouse, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dandouras I. Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, 31028, Toulouse, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lucek E. Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW72AZ, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dunlop M. Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Science China Earth Sciences SP Science China Press 53/10(2010-10-01), 1542-1551 1674-7313 53:10<1542 2010 53 11430 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer