caa a22 4500 445305002 CHVBK 20180317142610.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10762-010-9742-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10762-010-9742-9 Kim Sungho Department of Electronic Engineering, Yeungnam University, 214-1 Dae-dong, 712-749, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea aut Double Layered-Background Removal Filter for Detecting Small Infrared Targets in Heterogenous Backgrounds [Elektronische Daten] [Sungho Kim] Detecting small targets is essential for mitigating the sea-based Infrared search and track (IRST) problem. It is easy to detect small targets in homogeneous backgrounds such as the sky. When targets are on the border line of heterogeneous backgrounds such as the horizon in the sky and sea surface, solving the problem of detection becomes difficult. This paper presents a novel spatial filtering method, called Double Layered-Background Removal Filter (DL-BRF), for achieving high detection rates and low false alarm rates. DL-BRF consists of a Modified-Mean Subtraction Filter (M-MSF) and a consecutive Local-Directional Background Removal Filter (L-DBRF). M-MSF enhances the target signal and reduces background noise. L-DBRF removes horizontal structures, which upgrade the signal-to-clutter ratio and background suppression factor. L-DBRF used after M-MSF enhances the synergistic performance of horizontal target detection. Additionally, the adaptive Hysteresis threshold-based scheme is a suitable detection method. We validate the superior performance of the proposed method via three types of evaluation tests, including a real test scenario. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 IRST nationallicence Horizontal target nationallicence Heterogeneous background estimation nationallicence Target detection nationallicence Adaptive hysteresis threshold nationallicence Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 32/1(2011-01-01), 79-101 1866-6892 32:1<79 2011 32 10762 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-010-9742-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-010-9742-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Kim Sungho Department of Electronic Engineering, Yeungnam University, 214-1 Dae-dong, 712-749, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 32/1(2011-01-01), 79-101 1866-6892 32:1<79 2011 32 10762 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer