caa a22 4500 445311630 CHVBK 20180317142632.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11095-010-0167-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11095-010-0167-x In Vivo , In Situ Imaging of Microneedle Insertion into the Skin of Human Volunteers Using Optical Coherence Tomography [Elektronische Daten] [Siôn Coulman, James Birchall, Aneesh Alex, Marc Pearton, Bernd Hofer, Conor O'Mahony, Wolfgang Drexler, Boris Považay] ABSTRACT: Purpose: To gather sub-surface in situ images of microneedle-treated human skin, in vivo, using optical coherence tomography (OCT). This is the first study to utilise OCT to investigate the architectural changes that are induced in skin following microneedle application. Methods: Steel, silicon and polymer microneedle devices, with different microneedle arrangements and morphologies, were applied to two anatomical sites in human volunteers following appropriate ethical approval. A state-of-the-art ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging system operating at 800nm wavelength and <3µm effective axial resolution was used to visualise the microneedle-treated area during insertion and/or following removal of the device, without any tissue processing. Results: Transverse images of a microneedle device, in situ, were captured by the OCT system and suggest that the stratified skin tissue is compressed during microneedle application. Following removal of the device, the created microchannels collapse within the in vivo environment and, therefore, for all studied devices, microconduit dimensions are markedly smaller than the microneedle dimensions. Conclusions: Microchannels created in the upper skin layers by microneedles are less invasive than previous histology predicts. OCT has the potential to play a highly influential role in the future development of microneedle devices and other transdermal delivery systems. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 in vivo nationallicence microneedle nationallicence optical coherence tomography nationallicence skin nationallicence transdermal nationallicence OCT : Optical coherence tomography nationallicence Coulman Siôn Gene Delivery Research Group, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK aut Birchall James Gene Delivery Research Group, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK aut Alex Aneesh School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, CF24 4LU, Cardiff, UK aut Pearton Marc Gene Delivery Research Group, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK aut Hofer Bernd Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut O'Mahony Conor Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings, Cork, Ireland aut Drexler Wolfgang Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Považay Boris Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Pharmaceutical Research Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 28/1(2011-01-01), 66-81 0724-8741 28:1<66 2011 28 11095 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0167-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0167-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Coulman Siôn Gene Delivery Research Group, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Birchall James Gene Delivery Research Group, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Alex Aneesh School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, CF24 4LU, Cardiff, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pearton Marc Gene Delivery Research Group, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hofer Bernd Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- O'Mahony Conor Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings, Cork, Ireland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Drexler Wolfgang Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Považay Boris Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Pharmaceutical Research Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 28/1(2011-01-01), 66-81 0724-8741 28:1<66 2011 28 11095 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer