caa a22 4500 445314087 CHVBK 20180317142640.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11095-010-0258-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11095-010-0258-8 Cancer Immunotherapy and Nanomedicine [Elektronische Daten] [Wei-Yun Sheng, Leaf Huang] ABSTRACT: The immune system has the ability to recognize and kill pre-cancer and cancer cells. However, with the immune system's surveillance, the survival tumor cells learn how to escape the immune system after immunoselection. Cancer immunotherapy develops strategies to overcome these problems. Nanomedicine applications in cancer immunotherapy include the nanodiagnostics and nanobiopharmaceuticals. In cancer nanodiagnostics, it looks for specific "molecular signatures” in cancer cells or their microenvironment by using genomics and proteomics. Nanobiopharmaceuticals is the field that studies nanotechnology-based therapeutic agents and drug carriers. DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins and small molecules can all be used as cancer therapies when formulated in nanocarriers. Currently, cancer vaccines are applied in treatments with existing cancer or to prevent the development of cancer in certain high risk individuals. Most of the non-specific immune activation agents include adjuvants which enhance immunogenicity and accelerate and prolong the response of cancer vaccines. The carriers of vaccines, such as viruses and nanoparticles, have also been in clinical studies for many years. This review will discuss the relationships between the tumor and the immune system, and also will include topics covering the strategies used in eliminating tumors by using nanomedicine. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 adjuvant nationallicence cancer immunotherapy nationallicence cancer vaccine nationallicence nano nationallicence tumor immunoediting nationallicence ADCC : antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity nationallicence APC : antigen-presenting cell nationallicence bAb : bispecific antibody nationallicence CIK : cytokine-induced killer cells nationallicence CT : Chlorella toxin nationallicence CTL : cytotoxicity T-lymphocytes nationallicence CTLA-4 : cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 nationallicence DC : dendritic cells nationallicence DLN : draining lymph node nationallicence DOTAP : N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate nationallicence EPR : enhanced permeability and retention effects nationallicence GM-CSF : granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor nationallicence HLA : human leukocyte antigen nationallicence ICAM-1 : intercellular adhesion molecule-1 nationallicence iDC : immature DC nationallicence IFA : incomplete Freud's adjuvant nationallicence IFN : interferon nationallicence IL : interleukin nationallicence LFA-1 : lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 nationallicence LPD : lipid-polycation-DNA nationallicence LT : labile enterotoxin nationallicence mDC : mature dendritic cells nationallicence MDSC : myeloid-derived suppressor cell nationallicence MHC : major histocompatibility complex nationallicence NK-cell : natural killer cell nationallicence NP : nanoparticle nationallicence ODN : oligodeoxynucleotide nationallicence PD-1 : programmed death-1 nationallicence PEG : ethylene glycol nationallicence PLGA : poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nationallicence ROS : reactive oxygen species nationallicence Tc-cell : cytolytic T-cell nationallicence TCR : T-cell receptor nationallicence TGF-β : transforming growth factor β nationallicence Th-cell : helper T-cell nationallicence TLR : toll-like receptor nationallicence TNFα : tumor necrosis factor α nationallicence TRAIL : TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand nationallicence Treg-cell : regulatory T-lymphocyte nationallicence TT : Tetanus toxoid nationallicence VEGF : vascular endothelial growth factor nationallicence Sheng Wei-Yun Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1319 Kerr Hall, 27599, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA aut Huang Leaf Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1319 Kerr Hall, 27599, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA aut Pharmaceutical Research Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 28/2(2011-02-01), 200-214 0724-8741 28:2<200 2011 28 11095 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0258-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-010-0258-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sheng Wei-Yun Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1319 Kerr Hall, 27599, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Huang Leaf Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1319 Kerr Hall, 27599, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Pharmaceutical Research Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 28/2(2011-02-01), 200-214 0724-8741 28:2<200 2011 28 11095 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer