caa a22 4500 445318031 CHVBK 20180317142653.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10126-010-9272-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10126-010-9272-4 Effect of Coccolith Polysaccharides Isolated from the Coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi , on Calcite Crystal Formation in In Vitro CaCO3 Crystallization [Elektronische Daten] [Keisuke Kayano, Kazuko Saruwatari, Toshihiro Kogure, Yoshihiro Shiraiwa] Marine coccolithophorids (Haptophyceae) produce calcified scales "coccoliths” which are composed of CaCO3 and coccolith polysaccharides (CP) in the coccolith vesicles. CP was previously reported to be composed of uronic acids and sulfated residues, etc. attached to the polymannose main chain. Although anionic polymers are generally known to play key roles in biomineralization process, there is no experimental data how CP contributes to calcite crystal formation in the coccolithophorids. CP used was isolated from the most abundant coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi. CaCO3 crystallization experiment was performed on agar template layered onto a plastic plate that was dipped in the CaCO3 crystallization solution. The typical rhombohedral calcite crystals were formed in the absence of CP. CaCO3 crystals formed on the naked plastic plate were obviously changed to stick-like shapes when CP was present in the solution. EBSD analysis proved that the crystal is calcite of which c-axis was elongated. CP in the solution stimulated the formation of tabular crystals with flat edge in the agarose gel. SEM and FIB-TEM observations showed that the calcite crystals were formed in the gel. The formation of crystals without flat edge was stimulated when CP was preliminarily added in the gel. These observations suggest that CP has two functions: namely, one is to elongate the calcite crystal along c-axis and another is to induce tabular calcite crystal formation in the agarose gel. Thus, CP may function for the formation of highly elaborate species-specific structures of coccoliths in coccolithophorids. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 Acid polysaccharide nationallicence Biomineralization nationallicence Coccolith nationallicence Coccolith polysaccharide nationallicence Calcium carbonate crystalization nationallicence Emiliania huxleyi nationallicence Kayano Keisuke Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, 305-8572, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Saruwatari Kazuko Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, 113-0033, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan aut Kogure Toshihiro Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, 113-0033, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan aut Shiraiwa Yoshihiro Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, 305-8572, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Marine Biotechnology Springer-Verlag 13/1(2011-02-01), 83-92 1436-2228 13:1<83 2011 13 10126 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-010-9272-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-010-9272-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kayano Keisuke Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, 305-8572, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Saruwatari Kazuko Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, 113-0033, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kogure Toshihiro Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, 113-0033, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shiraiwa Yoshihiro Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, 305-8572, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Marine Biotechnology Springer-Verlag 13/1(2011-02-01), 83-92 1436-2228 13:1<83 2011 13 10126 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer