caa a22 4500 445318244 CHVBK 20180317142654.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10126-011-9373-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10126-011-9373-8 Energy Budget for the Cultured, Zooxanthellate Octocoral Sinularia flexibilis [Elektronische Daten] [Mohammad Khalesi, H. Beeftink, R. Wijffels] The zooxanthellate octocoral Sinularia flexibilis is a producer of potential pharmaceutically important metabolites such as antimicrobial and cytotoxic substances. Controlled rearing of the coral, as an alternative for commercial exploitation of these compounds, requires the study of species-specific growth requirements. In this study, phototrophic vs. heterotrophic daily energy demands of S. flexibilis was investigated through light and Artemia feeding trials in the laboratory. Rate of photosynthetic oxygen by zooxanthellae in light (≈200μmol quantam−2 s−1) was measured for the coral colonies with and without feeding on Artemia nauplii. Respiratory oxygen was measured in the dark, again with and without Artemia nauplii. Photosynthesis-irradiance curve at light intensities of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400μmolquantam−2 s−1 showed an increase in photosynthetic oxygen production up to a light intensity between 100 and 200μmol quantam−2 s−1. The photosynthesis to respiration ratio (P/R > 1) confirmed phototrophy of S. flexibilis. Both fed and non-fed colonies in the light showed high carbon contribution by zooxanthellae to animal (host) respiration values of 111-127%. Carbon energy equivalents allocated to the coral growth averaged 6-12% of total photosynthesis energy (mgC g − ¹ buoyant weightday − ¹) and about 0.02% of the total daily radiant energy. "Light utilization efficiency (ε)” estimated an average ε value of 75% 12h − ¹ for coral practical energetics. This study shows that besides a fundamental role of phototrophy vs. heterotrophy in daily energy budget of S. flexibilis, an efficient fraction of irradiance is converted to useable energy. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Sinularia flexibilis nationallicence Light nationallicence Artemia nationallicence Respiration nationallicence Photosynthesis nationallicence CZAR nationallicence Khalesi Mohammad Fisheries Group, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, P.O. Box578, Sari, Iran aut Beeftink H. Food and Bioprocess Engineering Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut Wijffels R. Food and Bioprocess Engineering Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut Marine Biotechnology Springer-Verlag 13/6(2011-12-01), 1092-1098 1436-2228 13:6<1092 2011 13 10126 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-011-9373-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-011-9373-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Khalesi Mohammad Fisheries Group, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, P.O. Box578, Sari, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Beeftink H. Food and Bioprocess Engineering Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wijffels R. Food and Bioprocess Engineering Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Marine Biotechnology Springer-Verlag 13/6(2011-12-01), 1092-1098 1436-2228 13:6<1092 2011 13 10126 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer