caa a22 4500 445324457 CHVBK 20180317142715.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10681-011-0391-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10681-011-0391-4 Chickpea evolution has selected for contrasting phenological mechanisms among different habitats [Elektronische Daten] [J. Berger, S. Milroy, N. Turner, K. Siddique, M. Imtiaz, R. Malhotra] Arguably the most important adaptive criterion in annual crops is appropriate phenology that minimizes exposure to climatic stresses and maximizes productivity in target environments. To date this has been achieved empirically by selecting among diverse genotypes in target locations. This approach is likely to become inadequate with pending climate change because selection is imposed on the outcome (flowering time) rather than the underlying mechanism (i.e. responses to daylength, ambient or vernalizing temperatures). In contrast to the cereals, in legumes the interaction between phenological mechanisms and environmental selection pressure is largely unknown. This paper addresses this shortcoming through photothermal modelling of chickpea germplasm from the world's key production areas using a meta-analysis of multi-environment trials located from 49°N to 35°S. Germplasm origin had significant effects on temperature and daylength responsiveness, the former strongly correlated to vegetative phase temperatures at the collection or development site (r=0.8). Accordingly, temperature responses increase from winter- to spring-sown Mediterranean and Australian material, and then to north, central & southern India. Germplasm origin also affects the relationship between photoperiod and temperature response. In Eastern Mediterranean material a strong negative relationship (r=−0.77) enables temperature insensitive genotypes to compensate through a strong photoperiod response. Clearly, chickpea evolution has selected for different phenological mechanisms across the habitat range. Given that under the anticipated global warming temperature sensitive cultivars will flower relatively earlier than those responding largely to photoperiod, it is important to exploit this diversity in developing better-adapted genotypes for future cropping environments. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Flowering nationallicence Daylength and temperature responses nationallicence Specific adaptation nationallicence Habitat characterization nationallicence Grain legume nationallicence Berger J. CSIRO Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, 6913, Wembley, WA, Australia aut Milroy S. CSIRO Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, 6913, Wembley, WA, Australia aut Turner N. Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, M080, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia aut Siddique K. Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, M080, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia aut Imtiaz M. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria aut Malhotra R. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria aut Euphytica Springer Netherlands 180/1(2011-07-01), 1-15 0014-2336 180:1<1 2011 180 10681 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0391-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0391-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Berger J. CSIRO Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, 6913, Wembley, WA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Milroy S. CSIRO Plant Industry, Private Bag 5, 6913, Wembley, WA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Turner N. Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, M080, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Siddique K. Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, M080, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009, Crawley, WA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Imtiaz M. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Malhotra R. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Euphytica Springer Netherlands 180/1(2011-07-01), 1-15 0014-2336 180:1<1 2011 180 10681 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer