caa a22 4500 445338695 CHVBK 20180317142804.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1245/s10434-011-1615-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1245/s10434-011-1615-5 Molecular Profiling of Colon Tumors: The Search for Clinically Relevant Biomarkers of Progression, Prognosis, Therapeutics, and Predisposition [Elektronische Daten] [Manny Bacolod, Francis Barany] If properly translated to clinical use, our knowledge about biomarkers may lead to a more effective way of combating colorectal cancer (CRC). Biomarkers are biomolecular, genetic, or cytogenetic attributes indicative of the disease's progression, predisposition, prognosis, or therapeutic options. For CRC, these include chromosomal instability, mutations in KRAS and TP53, loss of 18q, and elevated level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which are all associated with poor prognosis. The prognostic significance of 18q loss can be attributed to reduced expression of SMAD4, or DCC, although the chromosomal arm is actually heavily populated by genes whose downregulation correlate to worse survival. Potentially, identification of prognostic biomarkers can help the oncologist decide whether adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary after surgery. Testing for therapeutic biomarkers can be necessary if targeted therapeutics are being considered. The identification of highly penetrant predisposition markers (such as mutations in APC and MLH1) can be a lifesaver for carrier individuals, who would then have to undergo colonoscopy at an earlier age. Even sporadic CRCs may have some hereditary components, according to recent studies. Genome-wide association studies (using SNP arrays) showed that polymorphisms of certain genes can have subtle influence on CRC predisposition. Our own SNP array-based analysis suggested that long stretches of germline homozygosity (autozygosity), indicative of consanguinity, may also factor in CRC predisposition. Society of Surgical Oncology, 2011 Bacolod Manny Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA aut Barany Francis Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA aut Annals of Surgical Oncology Springer-Verlag 18/13(2011-12-01), 3694-3700 1068-9265 18:13<3694 2011 18 10434 https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1615-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1615-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bacolod Manny Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Barany Francis Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Annals of Surgical Oncology Springer-Verlag 18/13(2011-12-01), 3694-3700 1068-9265 18:13<3694 2011 18 10434 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer