caa a22 4500 445349603 CHVBK 20180317142840.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11192-010-0278-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11192-010-0278-5 Is the academic Ivory Tower becoming a managed structure? A nested analysis of the variance in activities of researchers from natural sciences and engineering in Canada [Elektronische Daten] [Norrin Halilem, Nabil Amara, Réjean Landry] As an adaptation to its new environment, universities have engaged in various organisational innovations and taken a more active role in the orientation of the researcher. The emerging institutional management imposes specific constraints and opportunities for researchers. Thus, the impact of institutional membership, notably on the different institutional policies, is increasingly a dominant force in academic working lives. However, some scholars have argued that the context of researchers remains an Ivory Tower situation, where academic working life is defined through the twin discourse of academic freedom and professional autonomy. This article analyses the activities of research faculty members funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, in comparison to the theories that contribute to the explanation of researchers' behaviour. By using intra-class correlation, which is based on a multi-level analysis of the variance distribution, we find that the grouping effect is still small. In other words, despite the emerging constraints and opportunities determined by their institutional context, researchers still exist in an Ivory Tower, where the explanation of their behaviour is still a matter of individual differences. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary, 2010 Ivory Tower nationallicence Institutional management nationallicence Multi-level variance analysis nationallicence Halilem Norrin Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec City, Canada aut Amara Nabil Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec City, Canada aut Landry Réjean Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec City, Canada aut Scientometrics Springer Netherlands 86/2(2011-02-01), 431-448 0138-9130 86:2<431 2011 86 11192 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-010-0278-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-010-0278-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Halilem Norrin Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec City, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Amara Nabil Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec City, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Landry Réjean Department of Management, Faculty of Business, Laval University, G1K 7P4, Québec City, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Scientometrics Springer Netherlands 86/2(2011-02-01), 431-448 0138-9130 86:2<431 2011 86 11192 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer