caa a22 4500 44535092X CHVBK 20180317142843.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2611-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2611-5 Vestibular control of the head: possible functions of the vestibulocollic reflex [Elektronische Daten] [Jay Goldberg, Kathleen Cullen] Here, we review the angular vestibulocollic reflex (VCR) focusing on its function during unexpected and voluntary head movements. Theoretically, the VCR could (1) stabilize the head in space during body movements and/or (2) dampen head oscillations that could occur as a result of the head's underdamped mechanics. The reflex appears unaffected when the simplest, trisynaptic VCR pathways are severed. The VCR's efficacy varies across species; in humans and monkeys, head stabilization is ineffective during low-frequency body movements in the yaw plan. While the appearance of head oscillations after the attenuation of semicircular canal function suggests a role in damping, this interpretation is complicated by defects in the vestibular input to other descending motor pathways such as gaze premotor circuits. Since the VCR should oppose head movements, it has been proposed that the reflex is suppressed during voluntary head motion. Consistent with this idea, vestibular-only (VO) neurons, which are possible vestibulocollic neurons, respond vigorously to passive, but not active, head rotations. Although VO neurons project to the spinal cord, their contribution to the VCR remains to be established. VCR cancelation during active head movements could be accomplished by an efference copy signal negating afferent activity related to active motion. Oscillations occurring during active motion could be eliminated by some combination of reflex actions and voluntary motor commands that take into account the head's biomechanics. A direct demonstration of the status of the VCR during active head movements is required to clarify the function of the reflex. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Vestibulocollic reflex nationallicence Head stabilization nationallicence Damping nationallicence Control systems nationallicence Efference copy nationallicence Goldberg Jay Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA aut Cullen Kathleen Aerospace Medical Research Unit, Department of Physiology, McGill University, H3G 1Y6, Montreal, QC, Canada aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 210/3-4(2011-05-01), 331-345 0014-4819 210:3-4<331 2011 210 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2611-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2611-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Goldberg Jay Department of Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Chicago, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cullen Kathleen Aerospace Medical Research Unit, Department of Physiology, McGill University, H3G 1Y6, Montreal, QC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 210/3-4(2011-05-01), 331-345 0014-4819 210:3-4<331 2011 210 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer