caa a22 4500 445351098 CHVBK 20180317142844.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2568-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2568-4 The functional significance of velocity storage and its dependence on gravity [Elektronische Daten] [Jean Laurens, Dora Angelaki] Research in the vestibular field has revealed the existence of a central process, called ‘velocity storage', that is activated by both visual and vestibular rotation cues and is modified by gravity, but whose functional relevance during natural motion has often been questioned. In this review, we explore spatial orientation in the context of a Bayesian model of vestibular information processing. In this framework, deficiencies/ambiguities in the peripheral vestibular sensors are compensated for by central processing to more accurately estimate rotation velocity, orientation relative to gravity, and inertial motion. First, an inverse model of semicircular canal dynamics is used to reconstruct rotation velocity by integrating canal signals over time. However, its low-frequency bandwidth is limited to avoid accumulation of noise in the integrator. A second internal model uses this reconstructed rotation velocity to compute an internal estimate of tilt and inertial acceleration. The bandwidth of this second internal model is also restricted at low frequencies to avoid noise accumulation and drift of the tilt/translation estimator over time. As a result, low-frequency translation can be erroneously misinterpreted as tilt. The time constants of these two integrators (internal models) can be conceptualized as two Bayesian priors of zero rotation velocity and zero linear acceleration, respectively. The model replicates empirical observations like ‘velocity storage' and ‘frequency segregation' and explains spatial orientation (e.g., ‘somatogravic') illusions. Importantly, the functional significance of this network, including velocity storage, is found during short-lasting, natural head movements, rather than at low frequencies with which it has been traditionally studied. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Spatial orientation nationallicence Velocity storage nationallicence Vestibular nationallicence Internal model nationallicence Bayes rule nationallicence Eye movement nationallicence Somatogravic illusion nationallicence Vestibulo-ocular reflex nationallicence Prior nationallicence Bayesian model nationallicence Laurens Jean Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8108, 63110, St. Louis, MO, USA aut Angelaki Dora Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8108, 63110, St. Louis, MO, USA aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 210/3-4(2011-05-01), 407-422 0014-4819 210:3-4<407 2011 210 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2568-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2568-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Laurens Jean Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8108, 63110, St. Louis, MO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Angelaki Dora Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8108, 63110, St. Louis, MO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 210/3-4(2011-05-01), 407-422 0014-4819 210:3-4<407 2011 210 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer