caa a22 4500 445351322 CHVBK 20180317142845.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2610-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2610-6 Surround inhibition in the motor system [Elektronische Daten] [Sandra Beck, Mark Hallett] Surround inhibition is a physiological mechanism to focus neuronal activity in the central nervous system. This so-called center-surround organization is well known in sensory systems, where central signals are facilitated and eccentric signals are inhibited in order to sharpen the contrast between them. There is evidence that this mechanism is relevant to skilled motor behavior, and it is deficient, for example, in the affected primary motor cortex of patients with focal hand dystonia (FHD). While it is still not fully elucidated how surround inhibition is generated in healthy subjects, the process is enhanced with handedness and task difficulty indicating that it may be an important mechanism for the performance of individuated finger movements. In FHD, where involuntary overactivation of muscles interferes with precise finger movements, a loss of intracortical inhibition likely contributes to the loss of surround inhibition. Several intracortical inhibitory networks are modulated differently in FHD compared with healthy subjects, and these may contribute to the loss of surround inhibition. Surround inhibition can be observed and assessed in the primary motor cortex. It remains unclear, however, if the effects are created in the cortex or if they are derived from, or supported by, motor signals that come from the basal ganglia. Springer Verlag (outside the USA), 2011 Human nationallicence Transcranial magnetic stimulation nationallicence Contrast nationallicence Beck Sandra Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany aut Hallett Mark Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Building 10, Room 7D37 10 Center Dr MSC 1428, 20892-1428, Bethesda, MD, USA aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 210/2(2011-04-01), 165-172 0014-4819 210:2<165 2011 210 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2610-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2610-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Beck Sandra Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hallett Mark Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Building 10, Room 7D37 10 Center Dr MSC 1428, 20892-1428, Bethesda, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 210/2(2011-04-01), 165-172 0014-4819 210:2<165 2011 210 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer