caa a22 4500 445352515 CHVBK 20180317142848.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2893-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2893-7 Default motor preparation under conditions of response uncertainty [Elektronische Daten] [Christopher Forgaard, Dana Maslovat, Anthony Carlsen, Ian Franks] In a choice reaction time (RT) paradigm, providing partial advance information (a precue) about the upcoming response has been shown to decrease RT, presumably due to preprogramming of the precued parameters. When advance information about a particular aspect of a movement is provided (precued), several different strategies might be used to prepare the motor system during the foreperiod. For example, in studies where response preparation time was manipulated, precues were provided specifying the required arm and direction but movement amplitude was left uncertain. In this case it was shown that a default movement was preprogrammed whose amplitude was intermediate between the alternatives (Favilla et al. in Exp Brain Res 75(2):280-294, 1989, Exp Brain Res 79(3):530-538, 1990; Ghez et al. in Exp Brain Res 115(2):217-233, 1997). However, this strategy did not appear to be used in a RT task since there was an absence of online adjustments to movement. Therefore, it appeared movements were not initiated until all parameters had been correctly specified and programmed by the nervous system (Bock and Arnold in Exp Brain Res 90:(1):209-216, 1992). The present study reinvestigated the notion of a default movement preparation strategy in a choice RT paradigm, employing the triggering effect of a startling acoustic stimulus. On control trials (80dB imperative stimulus), the movements were initiated toward the correct targets. Providing a startle stimulus (124dB) resulted in the early initiation of a "default” movement whose amplitude fell in between the potential response alternatives. Thus, the current experiment found behavioral evidence of default intermediate-amplitude movement preparation as a strategy under conditions of response amplitude uncertainty. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Motor preparation nationallicence Startle nationallicence Precue nationallicence Default preparation nationallicence Reaction time nationallicence Forgaard Christopher School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium 210-6081 University Boulevard, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada aut Maslovat Dana School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium 210-6081 University Boulevard, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada aut Carlsen Anthony School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Montpetit Hall 352-125 Université, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada aut Franks Ian School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium 210-6081 University Boulevard, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 215/3-4(2011-12-01), 235-245 0014-4819 215:3-4<235 2011 215 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2893-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2893-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Forgaard Christopher School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium 210-6081 University Boulevard, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maslovat Dana School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium 210-6081 University Boulevard, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Carlsen Anthony School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Montpetit Hall 352-125 Université, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Franks Ian School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium 210-6081 University Boulevard, V6T 1Z1, Vancouver, BC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 215/3-4(2011-12-01), 235-245 0014-4819 215:3-4<235 2011 215 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer