caa a22 4500 445352868 CHVBK 20180317142850.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-010-2518-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-010-2518-6 Velocity storage in the human vertical rotational vestibulo-ocular reflex [Elektronische Daten] [G. Bertolini, S. Ramat] Human horizontal rotational vestibulo-ocular reflex (rVOR) has been extensively investigated: the horizontal semicircular canals sense yaw rotations with high-pass filter dynamics and a time constant (TC) around 5s, yet the rVOR response shows a longer TC due to a central processing stage, known as velocity storage mechanism (VSM). It is generally assumed that the vertical rVOR behaves similarly to the horizontal one; however, VSM processing of the human vertical rVOR is still to be proven. We investigated the vertical rVOR in eight healthy human subjects using three experimental paradigms: (1) per- and post-rotatory around an earth-vertical axis (ear down rotations, EDR), (2) post-rotatory around an earth-horizontal axis with different stopping positions (static otolith stimulation), (3) per-rotatory around an earth-horizontal axis (dynamic otolith stimulation). We found that the TC of vertical rVOR responses ranged 3-10s, depending both on gravity and on the direction of rotation. The shortest TC were found in response to post-rotatory earth-horizontal stimulation averaging 3.6s, while they were prolonged in EDR stimulation, i.e. when the head angular velocity vector is aligned with gravity, with a mean value of about 6.0s. Overall, the longest TC were observed in per-rotatory earth-horizontal stimulation, averaging 7.8s. The finding of longer TC in EDR than in post-rotatory earth-horizontal stimulation indicates a role for the VSM in the vertical rVOR, although its contribution appears to be weaker than on the horizontal rVOR and may be directionally asymmetric. The results from per-rotatory earth-horizontal stimulation, instead, imply a role for the otoliths in controlling the duration of the vertical rVOR response. We found no reorientation of the response toward earth horizontal, indicating a difference between human and monkey rVOR. Springer-Verlag, 2010 Vertical rVOR nationallicence VSM nationallicence Pitch VOR nationallicence Gravity nationallicence Directional asymmetry nationallicence ANOVA : Analysis of variance nationallicence EDR : Ear down rotation nationallicence OKN : Optokinetic nystagmus nationallicence OKAN : Optokinetic after-nystagmus nationallicence OKR : Optokinetic reflex nationallicence OVAR : Off-vertical axis rotation nationallicence rVOR : Rotational vestibulo ocular reflex nationallicence SCC : Semicircular canals nationallicence SPV : Slow phase velocity nationallicence TC : Time constant nationallicence VSM : Velocity storage mechanism nationallicence Bertolini G. Department of Computer and Systems Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy aut Ramat S. Department of Computer and Systems Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/1(2011-03-01), 51-63 0014-4819 209:1<51 2011 209 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2518-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2518-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bertolini G. Department of Computer and Systems Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ramat S. Department of Computer and Systems Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/1(2011-03-01), 51-63 0014-4819 209:1<51 2011 209 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer