caa a22 4500 445352965 CHVBK 20180317142850.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-010-2512-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-010-2512-z A chronometric exploration of high-resolution ‘sensitive TMS masking' effects on subjective and objective measures of vision [Elektronische Daten] [Tom de Graaf, Jim Herring, Alexander Sack] Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can induce masking by interfering with ongoing neural activity in early visual cortex. Previous work has explored the chronometry of occipital involvement in vision by using single pulses of TMS with high temporal resolution. However, conventionally TMS intensities have been high and the only measure used to evaluate masking was objective in nature. Recent studies have begun to incorporate subjective measures of vision, alongside objective ones. The current study goes beyond previous work in two regards. First, we explored both objective vision (an orientation discrimination task) and subjective vision (a stimulus visibility rating on a four-point scale), across a wide range of time windows with high temporal resolution. Second, we used a very sensitive TMS-masking paradigm: stimulation was at relatively low TMS intensities, with a figure-8 coil, and the small stimulus was difficult to discriminate already at baseline level. We hypothesized that this should increase the effective temporal resolution of our paradigm. Perhaps for this reason, we are able to report a rather interesting masking curve. Within the classical-masking time window, previously reported to encompass broad SOAs anywhere between 60 and 120ms, we report not one, but at least two dips in objective performance, with no masking in-between. The subjective measure of vision did not mirror this pattern. These preliminary data from our exploratory design suggest that, with sensitive TMS masking, we might be able to reveal visual processes in early visual cortex previously unreported. The Author(s), 2010 Multiple nationallicence Masking nationallicence Vision nationallicence Suppression nationallicence Transcranial nationallicence Occipital nationallicence Recurrent nationallicence Phase nationallicence de Graaf Tom Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands aut Herring Jim Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands aut Sack Alexander Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/1(2011-03-01), 19-27 0014-4819 209:1<19 2011 209 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2512-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2512-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- de Graaf Tom Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Herring Jim Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sack Alexander Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/1(2011-03-01), 19-27 0014-4819 209:1<19 2011 209 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer