caa a22 4500 445352981 CHVBK 20180317142850.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2561-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2561-y Basal ganglia-dependent processes in recalling learned visual-motor adaptations [Elektronische Daten] [Patrick Bédard, Jerome Sanes] Humans learn and remember motor skills to permit adaptation to a changing environment. During adaptation, the brain develops new sensory-motor relationships that become stored in an internal model (IM) that may be retained for extended periods. How the brain learns new IMs and transforms them into long-term memory remains incompletely understood since prior work has mostly focused on the learning process. A current model suggests that basal ganglia, cerebellum, and their neocortical targets actively participate in forming new IMs but that a cerebellar cortical network would mediate automatization. However, a recent study (Marinelli et al. 2009) reported that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), who have basal ganglia dysfunction, had similar adaptation rates as controls but demonstrated no savings at recall tests (24 and 48h). Here, we assessed whether a longer training session, a feature known to increase long-term retention of IM in healthy individuals, could allow PD patients to demonstrate savings. We recruited PD patients and age-matched healthy adults and used a visual-motor adaptation paradigm similar to the study by Marinelli et al. (2009), doubling the number of training trials and assessed recall after a short and a 24-h delay. We hypothesized that a longer training session would allow PD patients to develop an enhanced representation of the IM as demonstrated by savings at the recall tests. Our results showed that PD patients had similar adaptation rates as controls but did not demonstrate savings at both recall tests. We interpret these results as evidence that fronto-striatal networks have involvement in the early to late phase of motor memory formation, but not during initial learning. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Visual-motor learning nationallicence Basal ganglia nationallicence Parkinson's disease nationallicence Long-term memory nationallicence Recall nationallicence Internal models nationallicence Bédard Patrick Department of Neuroscience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box GL-N, 02912, Providence, RI, USA aut Sanes Jerome Department of Neuroscience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box GL-N, 02912, Providence, RI, USA aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/3(2011-03-01), 385-393 0014-4819 209:3<385 2011 209 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2561-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2561-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bédard Patrick Department of Neuroscience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box GL-N, 02912, Providence, RI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sanes Jerome Department of Neuroscience, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Box GL-N, 02912, Providence, RI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/3(2011-03-01), 385-393 0014-4819 209:3<385 2011 209 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer