caa a22 4500 445353058 CHVBK 20180317142850.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2577-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2577-3 Modality-independent role of the primary auditory cortex in time estimation [Elektronische Daten] [Ryota Kanai, Harriet Lloyd, Domenica Bueti, Vincent Walsh] It has been argued that both modality-specific and supramodal mechanisms dedicated to time perception underlie the estimation of interval durations. While it is generally assumed that early sensory areas are dedicated to modality-specific time estimation, we hypothesized that early sensory areas such as the primary visual cortex or the auditory cortex might be involved in time perception independently of the sensory modality of the input. To test this possibility, we examined whether disruption of the primary visual cortex or the auditory cortex would disrupt time estimation of auditory stimuli and visual stimuli using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We found that disruption of the auditory cortex impaired not only time estimation of auditory stimuli but also impaired that of visual stimuli to the same degree. This finding suggests a supramodal role of the auditory cortex in time perception. On the other hand, TMS over the primary visual cortex impaired performance only in visual time discrimination. These asymmetric contributions of the auditory and visual cortices in time perception may be explained by a superiority of the auditory cortex in temporal processing. Here, we propose that time is primarily encoded in the auditory system and that visual inputs are automatically encoded into an auditory representation in time discrimination tasks. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Time perception nationallicence TMS nationallicence Visual cortex nationallicence Auditory cortex nationallicence Kanai Ryota Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology, University College London, 17 Queen Square, WC1N 3AR, London, UK aut Lloyd Harriet St Paul's Girls' School, Brook Green, W6 7BS, London, UK aut Bueti Domenica Neuroimaging Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia, via Ardeatina 306, 00179, Rome, Italy aut Walsh Vincent Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology, University College London, 17 Queen Square, WC1N 3AR, London, UK aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/3(2011-03-01), 465-471 0014-4819 209:3<465 2011 209 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2577-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2577-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kanai Ryota Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology, University College London, 17 Queen Square, WC1N 3AR, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lloyd Harriet St Paul's Girls' School, Brook Green, W6 7BS, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bueti Domenica Neuroimaging Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia, via Ardeatina 306, 00179, Rome, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Walsh Vincent Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology, University College London, 17 Queen Square, WC1N 3AR, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/3(2011-03-01), 465-471 0014-4819 209:3<465 2011 209 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer