caa a22 4500 445353295 CHVBK 20180317142851.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-011-2540-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-011-2540-3 Observation learning versus physical practice leads to different consolidation outcomes in a movement timing task [Elektronische Daten] [Maxime Trempe, Maxime Sabourin, Hassan Rohbanfard, Luc Proteau] Motor learning is a process that extends beyond training sessions. Specifically, physical practice triggers a series of physiological changes in the CNS that are regrouped under the term "consolidation” (Stickgold and Walker 2007). These changes can result in between-session improvement or performance stabilization (Walker 2005). In a series of three experiments, we tested whether consolidation also occurs following observation. In Experiment 1, participants observed an expert model perform a sequence of arm movements. Although we found evidence of observation learning, no significant difference was revealed between participants asked to reproduce the observed sequence either 5min or 24h later (no between-session improvement). In Experiment 2, two groups of participants observed an expert model perform two distinct movement sequences (A and B) either 10min or 8h apart; participants then physically performed both sequences after a 24-h break. Participants in the 8-h group performed Sequence B less accurately compared to participants in the 5-min group, suggesting that the memory representation of the first sequence had been stabilized and that it interfered with the learning of the second sequence. Finally, in Experiment 3, the initial observation phase was replaced by a physical practice phase. In contrast with the results of Experiment 2, participants in the 8-h group performed Sequence B significantly more accurately compared to participants in the 5-min group. Together, our results suggest that the memory representation of a skill learned through observation undergoes consolidation. However, consolidation of an observed motor skill leads to distinct behavioural outcomes in comparison with physical practice. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Motor learning nationallicence Consolidation nationallicence Observation nationallicence Off-line learning nationallicence Stabilization nationallicence Trempe Maxime Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut Sabourin Maxime Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut Rohbanfard Hassan Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut Proteau Luc Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/2(2011-03-01), 181-192 0014-4819 209:2<181 2011 209 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2540-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2540-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Trempe Maxime Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sabourin Maxime Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rohbanfard Hassan Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Proteau Luc Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, 2100 Boul. Édouard Montpetit, H3T 1J4, Montréal, QUÉBEC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 209/2(2011-03-01), 181-192 0014-4819 209:2<181 2011 209 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer