caa a22 4500 445354194 CHVBK 20180317142854.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00221-010-2482-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00221-010-2482-1 Is tracing or copying better when learning to reproduce a pattern? [Elektronische Daten] [C. Gonzalez, J. Anderson, P. Culmer, M. Burke, M. Mon-Williams, R. Wilkie] Learning to write requires the repeated manual production of spatial patterns. It remains unclear whether tracing or copying provides better training: tracing provides accurate and immediate performance feedback, whereas copying may require greater use of memory and recall during training. We asked sixteen adults to copy or trace novel patterns then reproduce these from memory using a stylus and tablet PC. A week later, a retention test was performed. Sophisticated analyses indexed the extent to which participants had learned the dimensions and shape of patterns. We found that participants: (a) showed better shape and dimensional accuracy when tracing; (b) had better shape and dimensional retention immediately after tracing; (c) showed no differences between copying and tracing in their ability to redraw the pattern (shape or dimensions) 1week later. Our methods provide a useful starting point for examining training and feedback on the generation and recall of spatial patterns. Springer-Verlag, 2010 Tracing nationallicence Copying nationallicence Writing nationallicence Learning nationallicence Training nationallicence Hand writing nationallicence Kinematic analysis nationallicence Gonzalez C. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut Anderson J. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut Culmer P. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut Burke M. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut Mon-Williams M. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut Wilkie R. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 208/3(2011-02-01), 459-465 0014-4819 208:3<459 2011 208 221 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2482-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-010-2482-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gonzalez C. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Anderson J. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Culmer P. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Burke M. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mon-Williams M. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wilkie R. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental Brain Research Springer-Verlag 208/3(2011-02-01), 459-465 0014-4819 208:3<459 2011 208 221 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer