caa a22 4500 445365269 CHVBK 20180317142928.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10909-011-0373-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10909-011-0373-x de Waele A. Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands aut Basic Operation of Cryocoolers and Related Thermal Machines [Elektronische Daten] [A. de Waele] This paper deals with the basics of cryocoolers and related thermodynamic systems. The treatment is based on the first and second law of thermodynamics for inhomogeneous, open systems using enthalpy flow, entropy flow, and entropy production. Various types of machines, which use an oscillating gas flow, are discussed such as: Stirling refrigerators, GM coolers, pulse-tube refrigerators, and thermoacoustic coolers and engines. Furthermore the paper deals with Joule-Thomson and dilution refrigerators which use a constant flow of the working medium. The Author(s), 2011 Thermodynamics nationallicence Cryocoolers nationallicence Thermoacoustics nationallicence Dilution refrigerators nationallicence Journal of Low Temperature Physics Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 164/5-6(2011-09-01), 179-236 0022-2291 164:5-6<179 2011 164 10909 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-011-0373-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-011-0373-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- de Waele A. Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Low Temperature Physics Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 164/5-6(2011-09-01), 179-236 0022-2291 164:5-6<179 2011 164 10909 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer