caa a22 4500 445370408 CHVBK 20180317142944.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00340-011-4392-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00340-011-4392-8 Investigations of soot formation in an optically accessible gasoline direct injection engine by means of laser-induced incandescence (LII) [Elektronische Daten] [D. Hertler, R. Stirn, S. Arndt, R. Grzeszik, A. Dreizler] This study presents the results of laser-induced incandescence (LII) measurements in an optically accessible gasoline direct injection engine. The focus was to evaluate LII as a particle measurement technique which is able to provide a deeper understanding of the underlying reaction and formation processes of soot in order to optimize the injection system to reduce exhaust gas emissions. A comparison of time-resolved LII, based on the model described by Michelsen, with an Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS) was performed. In this context, the air-fuel ratio, the injection pressure and the injection timing have been varied while applying the measurement techniques in the exhaust system. In case of a variation of the air-fuel ratio, two-dimensional LII has been performed in the combustion chamber additionally. For each measurement, the Filter Smoke Number (FSN) was taken into account as well. Finally, a good agreement of the different techniques was achieved. Moreover, we found that by combining time-resolved LII and EEPS a differentiation of primary particles and agglomerates is possible. Consequently, a determination of the processes in the combustion chamber and agglomeration in the exhaust gas is feasible. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Hertler D. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut Stirn R. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut Arndt S. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut Grzeszik R. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut Dreizler A. Center of Smart Interfaces, Institute of Reactive Flows and Diagnostics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 32, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany aut Applied Physics B Springer-Verlag 104/2(2011-08-01), 399-407 0946-2171 104:2<399 2011 104 340 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-011-4392-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-011-4392-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hertler D. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stirn R. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Arndt S. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grzeszik R. Robert Bosch GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Platz 1, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dreizler A. Center of Smart Interfaces, Institute of Reactive Flows and Diagnostics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 32, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Physics B Springer-Verlag 104/2(2011-08-01), 399-407 0946-2171 104:2<399 2011 104 340 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer