caa a22 4500 445378409 CHVBK 20180317143010.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10393-011-0704-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10393-011-0704-z Detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Mexican Bolitoglossine Salamanders Using an Optimal Sampling Protocol [Elektronische Daten] [Pascale Van Rooij, An Martel, Joachim Nerz, Sebastian Voitel, Filip Van Immerseel, Freddy Haesebrouck, Frank Pasmans] The role of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which is the causal agent of chytridiomycosis, in the declines of Central American bolitoglossine salamanders is unknown. Here we establish a swabbing protocol to maximize the detection probability of Bd in salamanders. We then used this protocol to examine captive and wild Mexican bolitoglossine salamanders of 14 different species for the presence of Bd. Of the seven body parts sampled, the pelvic region, hindlimbs, forelimbs, and the ventral side of the tail had the most Bd per surface area and thus might provide the best sampling regions of salamanders to detect Bd infections. Sixteen out of 33 (48%) of the dead captive salamanders had Bd infections and epidermal hyperkeratosis, whereas none of the 28 clinically healthy captive animals were infected. Nine out of 17 (53%) of the wild salamanders carried low zoospore loads of Bd but had no clinical signs of disease. The high prevalence of Bd in dead captive salamanders, its absence in clinically healthy living ones and its presence in wild salamanders is consistent with Bd being involved in recent bolitoglossine population declines, but further studies would be required to draw a causal link. International Association for Ecology and Health, 2011 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis nationallicence bolitoglossine nationallicence salamander nationallicence swabbing protocol nationallicence captive nationallicence wild nationallicence Van Rooij Pascale Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut Martel An Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut Nerz Joachim Jägerstraße 50, 71032, Böblingen, Germany aut Voitel Sebastian Spangenbergstraße 81, 06295, Eisleben, Germany aut Van Immerseel Filip Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut Haesebrouck Freddy Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut Pasmans Frank Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut EcoHealth Springer-Verlag 8/2(2011-06-01), 237-243 1612-9202 8:2<237 2011 8 10393 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-011-0704-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 brief-communication jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-011-0704-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Van Rooij Pascale Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Martel An Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nerz Joachim Jägerstraße 50, 71032, Böblingen, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Voitel Sebastian Spangenbergstraße 81, 06295, Eisleben, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Van Immerseel Filip Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Haesebrouck Freddy Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pasmans Frank Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- EcoHealth Springer-Verlag 8/2(2011-06-01), 237-243 1612-9202 8:2<237 2011 8 10393 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer