caa a22 4500 445383879 CHVBK 20180317143025.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10021-011-9431-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10021-011-9431-0 Ecological Effects of Live Salmon Exceed Those of Carcasses During an Annual Spawning Migration [Elektronische Daten] [Scott Tiegs, Peter Levi, Janine Rüegg, Dominic Chaloner, Jennifer Tank, Gary Lamberti] We tested the hypothesis that the carcasses of anadromous Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) constitute a significant source of nutrients in the nutrient-poor freshwaters where these fish migrate, spawn, senesce, and die. In a 110m-long stream reach in Southeast Alaska, we retained nearly 3000 salmon carcasses and compared streamwater nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and the biomass of benthic biofilm in this reach with an upstream reference reach. The study spanned 5months, bracketed the entire salmon run, and encompassed significant seasonal variation in abiotic stream conditions. Concentrations of dissolved and particulate N and P followed distinctly unimodal patterns through time, which tracked the abundance of live salmon, and we observed strong predictive relationships between live-salmon abundance and streamwater-nutrient concentrations. In contrast, we did not observe clear relationships between salmon carcasses and streamwater nutrients. Biofilm biomass within our study reaches seemed to more closely track the abundance of live salmon than the abundance of carcasses. The experimental retention of carcasses had a minor or undetectable influence on nutrient concentrations and biofilm within the study reach as compared to the reference reach. We conclude that physical factors such as temperature, discharge, nutrient limitation, and irradiance vary seasonally in ways that maximize the influence of nutrients provisioned by live salmon and minimize the influence of carcass-derived nutrients on the aspects of stream ecosystems that we examined. Overall, our results promote a new perspective on the ecological role of salmon in freshwaters, and contribute to a more mechanistic understanding of how migratory fishes can influence aquatic ecosystems. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 fish migration nationallicence marine-derived nutrients nationallicence resource subsidy nationallicence salmon-derived nutrients nationallicence organic-matter retention nationallicence Tiegs Scott Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut Levi Peter Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut Rüegg Janine Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut Chaloner Dominic Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut Tank Jennifer Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut Lamberti Gary Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut Ecosystems Springer-Verlag 14/4(2011-06-01), 598-614 1432-9840 14:4<598 2011 14 10021 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9431-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9431-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tiegs Scott Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Levi Peter Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rüegg Janine Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chaloner Dominic Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tank Jennifer Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lamberti Gary Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Ecosystems Springer-Verlag 14/4(2011-06-01), 598-614 1432-9840 14:4<598 2011 14 10021 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer