caa a22 4500 445383909 CHVBK 20180317143026.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10021-011-9433-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10021-011-9433-y Forest Resource Islands in a Sub-tropical Marsh: Soil-Site Relationships in Everglades Hardwood Hammocks [Elektronische Daten] [Michael Ross, Jay Sah] Spatial heterogeneity in soils is often characterized by the presence of resource-enriched patches ranging in size from a single shrub to wooded thickets. If the patches persist long enough, the primary constraint on production may transition from one limiting environmental factor to another. Tree islands that are scattered throughout the Florida Everglades basin comprise nutrient-enriched patches, or resource islands, in P-limited oligotrophic marshes. We used principal component analysis and multiple regressions to characterize the belowground environment (soil, hydrology) of one type of tree island, hardwood hammocks, and examined its relationship with the three structural variables (basal area, biomass, and canopy height) indicative of site productivity. Hardwood hammocks in the southern Everglades grow on two distinct soil types. The first, consisting of shallow, organic, relatively low-P soils, is common in the seasonally flooded Marl Prairie landscape. In contrast, hammocks on islands embedded in long hydroperiod marsh have deeper, alkaline, mineral soils with extremely high P concentrations. However, this edaphic variation does not translate simply into differences in forest structure and production. Relative water depth was unrelated to all measures of forest structure and so was soil P, but the non-carbonate component of the mineral soil fraction exhibited a strong positive relationship with canopy height. The development of P-enriched forest resource islands in the Everglades marsh is accompanied by the buildup of a mineral soil; however, limitations on growth in mature islands appear to differ substantively from those that dominate incipient stages in the transformation from marsh to forest. The Author(s), 2011 resource island nationallicence tree islands nationallicence limiting resource nationallicence soil phosphorus nationallicence non-carbon materials nationallicence forest production nationallicence marl prairies nationallicence sloughs nationallicence organic soil nationallicence mineral soil nationallicence Ross Michael Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., OE-148, Modesto Maidique Campus, 33199, Miami, Florida, USA aut Sah Jay Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA aut Ecosystems Springer-Verlag 14/4(2011-06-01), 632-645 1432-9840 14:4<632 2011 14 10021 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9433-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9433-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ross Michael Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., OE-148, Modesto Maidique Campus, 33199, Miami, Florida, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sah Jay Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Ecosystems Springer-Verlag 14/4(2011-06-01), 632-645 1432-9840 14:4<632 2011 14 10021 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer