caa a22 4500 445384891 CHVBK 20180317143029.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10924-011-0323-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10924-011-0323-3 Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystals Using an Ionic Liquid [Elektronische Daten] [Zakaria Man, Nawshad Muhammad, Ariyanti Sarwono, Mohamad Bustam, M. Vignesh Kumar, Sikander Rafiq] In this paper cellulose nanocrystals were prepared by treating microcrystalline cellulose with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate ionic liquid. Cellulose nanocrystals, after separation from ionic liquid, were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis. XRD results showed no changes in type of cellulose after the treatment with ionic liquid, however, high crystallinity index was observed in the ionic liquid treated sample. Cellulose nanocrystals, having length around 50-300nm and diameter around 14-22nm were observed in the ionic liquid treated sample under FESEM and TEM, and similar patterns of peaks as that of microcrystalline cellulose were observed for cellulose nanocrystals in the FTIR spectra. The thermal stability of the cellulose nanocrystals was measured low as compare to microcrystalline cellulose. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Microcrystalline cellulose nationallicence Ionic liquid nationallicence Cellulose nanocrystals nationallicence Crystallinity nationallicence Characterization nationallicence Man Zakaria PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut Muhammad Nawshad PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut Sarwono Ariyanti PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut Bustam Mohamad PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut Vignesh Kumar M. PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut Rafiq Sikander PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut Journal of Polymers and the Environment Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 19/3(2011-09-01), 726-731 1566-2543 19:3<726 2011 19 10924 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-011-0323-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 brief-communication jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-011-0323-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Man Zakaria PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Muhammad Nawshad PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sarwono Ariyanti PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bustam Mohamad PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vignesh Kumar M. PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rafiq Sikander PETRONAS Ionic Liquid Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Polymers and the Environment Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 19/3(2011-09-01), 726-731 1566-2543 19:3<726 2011 19 10924 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer