caa a22 4500 445385111 CHVBK 20180317143030.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10924-011-0361-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10924-011-0361-x Polylactic Acid Composites Utilising Sequential Surface Treatments of Lignocellulose: Chemistry, Morphology and Properties [Elektronische Daten] [Cameron Way, Katherine Dean, Dong Wu, Enzo Palombo] Polylactic acid (PLA)—maple fibre composites have been synthesised using a series of sequentially modified cellulose fibres (namely alkylation followed by either acetylation or silanation). Confirmations of the sequential modifications were made using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Atomic Emission Spectroscopy and the new surface morphologies analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The key advantage of the use of sequential treatments (with initial alkali treatment) was the allowance for direct grafting of suitable chemical groups onto the cellulose in the fibre due to the removal of lignin, hemicellulose and other surface impurities. However, a balance was found to exist between alkali exposure time, concentration and resulting fibre integrity. The conditions used resulted in a loss in fibre weight, fibre moisture content and tensile strength. Sequential treatments with acetylation or silane resulted in a 15-21% strength recovery from that of the alkali treated composite. Factors that influenced this recovery in strength were the improved fibre-polymer interface, namely the hydrophilic balancing of the fibres and this further affected the thermal-hydrolysis of the PLA during composite fabrication. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Chemical treatment nationallicence Lignocellulose nationallicence Polylactic acid nationallicence PLA nationallicence Polymer composite nationallicence Mechanical nationallicence NaOH nationallicence Silane nationallicence Acetylation nationallicence Way Cameron Division of Material Science and Engineering, CSIRO, Gate 5 Normanby Road, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut Dean Katherine Division of Material Science and Engineering, CSIRO, Gate 5 Normanby Road, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut Wu Dong The Boeing Company, 226 Lorimer St, 3207, Port Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut Palombo Enzo Environment and Biotechnology Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Burwood Road, 3122, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia aut Journal of Polymers and the Environment Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 19/4(2011-12-01), 849-862 1566-2543 19:4<849 2011 19 10924 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-011-0361-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-011-0361-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Way Cameron Division of Material Science and Engineering, CSIRO, Gate 5 Normanby Road, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dean Katherine Division of Material Science and Engineering, CSIRO, Gate 5 Normanby Road, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Dong The Boeing Company, 226 Lorimer St, 3207, Port Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Palombo Enzo Environment and Biotechnology Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Burwood Road, 3122, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Polymers and the Environment Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 19/4(2011-12-01), 849-862 1566-2543 19:4<849 2011 19 10924 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer