caa a22 4500 445391669 CHVBK 20180317143048.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10955-011-0120-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10955-011-0120-3 Klumpp Stefan Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14424, Potsdam, Germany aut Pausing and Backtracking in Transcription Under Dense Traffic Conditions [Elektronische Daten] [Stefan Klumpp] RNA polymerases transcribe the genetic information from DNA to RNA. They move along the DNA by stochastic single-nucleotide steps that are interrupted by pauses. Here we use a variant of driven lattice gas models or exclusion processes to study the effects of these pauses under conditions, where many RNA polymerases transcribe the same gene. We consider elemental pauses, where RNA polymerases are inactive and immobile, and backtracking pauses, during which RNA polymerases translocate backwards in a diffusive fashion. Under single-molecule conditions, backtracking can lead to complex dynamics due to a power-law distribution of the pause durations. Under conditions of dense RNA polymerase traffic, as in the highly transcribed genes coding for ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA, backtracking pauses are strongly suppressed because the trailing active RNA polymerase restricts the space available for backward translocation and ratchets the leading backtracked RNA polymerase forward. We characterize this effect quantitatively using extensive computer simulations. Furthermore, we show that such suppression of pauses may have a regulatory role and lead to highly cooperative control functions when coupled to transcription termination. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Transcription nationallicence RNA polymerase nationallicence Traffic models nationallicence Exclusion process nationallicence Pausing nationallicence Backtracking nationallicence Cooperativity nationallicence Journal of Statistical Physics Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 142/6(2011-04-01), 1252-1267 0022-4715 142:6<1252 2011 142 10955 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-011-0120-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-011-0120-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Klumpp Stefan Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14424, Potsdam, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Statistical Physics Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 142/6(2011-04-01), 1252-1267 0022-4715 142:6<1252 2011 142 10955 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer