caa a22 4500 44579612X CHVBK 20180317145125.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10620-010-1384-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10620-010-1384-1 Rectal Administration of Lactobacillus casei DG Modifies Flora Composition and Toll-Like Receptor Expression in Colonic Mucosa of Patients with Mild Ulcerative Colitis [Elektronische Daten] [Renata D'Incà, Michela Barollo, Marco Scarpa, Alessia Grillo, Paola Brun, Maria Vettorato, Ignazio Castagliuolo, Giacomo Sturniolo] Background: An imbalance in gut microbiota seems to contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, such as ulcerative colitis (UC). Although it has been suggested that probiotic supplementation is an effective approach to colitis, its effects on intestinal flora and on mucosal cytokine balance have never been explored. Aim: To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus casei (L.casei) DG, a probiotic strain, on colonic-associated microbiota, mucosal cytokine balance, and toll-like receptor (TLR) expression. Methods: Twenty-six patients with mild left-sided UC were randomly allocated to one of three groups for an 8-week treatment period: the first group of 7 patients received oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) alone, the second group of 8 patients received oral 5-ASA plus oral L.casei DG, and the third group of 11 patients received oral 5-ASA and rectal L.casei DG. Biopsies were collected from the sigmoid region to culture mucosal-associated microbes and to assess cytokine and TLR messenger RNA (mRNA) levels by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: 5-ASA alone or together with oral L.casei DG failed to affect colonic flora and TLR expression in a significant manner, but when coupled with rectally administered L.casei DG, it modified colonic microbiota by increasing Lactobacillus spp. and reducing Enterobacteriaceae. It also significantly reduced TLR-4 and interleukin (IL)-1β mRNA levels and significantly increased mucosal IL-10. Conclusions: Manipulation of mucosal microbiota by L.casei DG and its effects on the mucosal immune system seem to be required to mediate the beneficial activities of probiotics in UC patients. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 Lactobacilli nationallicence Enema nationallicence Ulcerative colitis nationallicence Toll-like receptor nationallicence D'Incà Renata Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut Barollo Michela Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut Scarpa Marco Department of Oncological Surgery, Veneto Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy aut Grillo Alessia Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121, Padova, Italy aut Brun Paola Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121, Padova, Italy aut Vettorato Maria Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut Castagliuolo Ignazio Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121, Padova, Italy aut Sturniolo Giacomo Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut Digestive Diseases and Sciences Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 56/4(2011-04-01), 1178-1187 0163-2116 56:4<1178 2011 56 10620 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-010-1384-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-010-1384-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- D'Incà Renata Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Barollo Michela Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Scarpa Marco Department of Oncological Surgery, Veneto Oncological Institute, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grillo Alessia Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Brun Paola Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vettorato Maria Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Castagliuolo Ignazio Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padova, Via Gabelli, 63, 35121, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sturniolo Giacomo Department of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Digestive Diseases and Sciences Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 56/4(2011-04-01), 1178-1187 0163-2116 56:4<1178 2011 56 10620 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer