caa a22 4500 445796375 CHVBK 20180317145126.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10620-011-1607-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10620-011-1607-0 Mitochondrial Dependent Apoptosis: Ameliorative Effect of Flunarizine on Ischemia-Reperfusion of Celiac Artery-Induced Gastric Lesions in the Rat [Elektronische Daten] [Arunachalam Muthuraman, Muthusamy Ramesh, Ashish Chauhan] Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion is a major event for induction of cellular apoptosis. Apoptosis is due to the activation of death receptor and/or mitochondrial pathways. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening is the cause of apoptosis. In our present study, we tried to evaluate the role of flunarizine in ischemia and reperfusion of celiac artery-induced gastric lesion in the rat. Methods: The therapeutic potential of flunarizine was assessed by measuring the changes in gastric lesion index, biomarker (i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, and total calcium and protein content), and mitochondrial damage (i.e., adenosine triphosphate and deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation content) in ischemia and reperfusion-induced gastric lesion model. Results: Medium and higher doses of flunarizine produced a significant (P<0.05) ameliorative effect which was observed from the assessment of all the above-mentioned parameters (i.e., increase in reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, myeloperoxidase, and total calcium content). Similar results were also obtained from omeprazole and cyclosporine. In the pre-treated group, deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation pattern has also indicated that a mitochondria-associated anti-apoptotic effect of flunarizine was responsible to prevent the ischemia and reperfusion of celiac artery-induced gastric lesion. Conclusion: The gastroprotective effect of flunarizine may be produced due to its inactivation potential of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening associated with anti-oxidative, calcium regulation along with its anti-apoptotic effect. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Apoptosis nationallicence Cyclosporine A nationallicence Flunarizine nationallicence Free radical nationallicence Ischemia-reperfusion nationallicence Muthuraman Arunachalam Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Nawanshahr District, Near Railmajra, 144533, Ropar, Punjab, India aut Ramesh Muthusamy National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India aut Chauhan Ashish Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Nawanshahr District, Near Railmajra, 144533, Ropar, Punjab, India aut Digestive Diseases and Sciences Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 56/8(2011-08-01), 2244-2251 0163-2116 56:8<2244 2011 56 10620 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-011-1607-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-011-1607-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Muthuraman Arunachalam Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Nawanshahr District, Near Railmajra, 144533, Ropar, Punjab, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ramesh Muthusamy National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, Punjab, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chauhan Ashish Rayat Institute of Pharmacy, Nawanshahr District, Near Railmajra, 144533, Ropar, Punjab, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Digestive Diseases and Sciences Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 56/8(2011-08-01), 2244-2251 0163-2116 56:8<2244 2011 56 10620 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer