caa a22 4500 445800453 CHVBK 20180317145139.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00704-011-0410-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00704-011-0410-3 Extreme grape harvest data of Austria, Switzerland and France from A.D. 1523 to 2007 compared to corresponding instrumental/reconstructed temperature data and various documentary sources [Elektronische Daten] [C. Maurer, C. Hammerl, E. Koch, T. Hammerl, E. Pokorny] The detection and quantification of extreme weather conditions in the past are important for correctly assessing the significance of today's extremes especially in the context of climate change. We specified extreme years by a synopsis of phenological data, temperature reconstructions and measurements and descriptive documentary sources starting in the 16th century. The spatial scale investigated is regional to interregional, covering Austria, Switzerland and north-eastern France. Thus, we defined a list of 36 extreme years (1536-2007), where two or more of several parameters (grape harvest data and/or mean temperatures) available at that time exceeded the two-sigma threshold with regard to a reference period of 105years. In Western Europe, there were extreme spring to early summer temperatures and/or exceptional phenological observations on all three locations in 1542, 1718, 1811, 1822, 2003, 2006 and 2007. As only grape harvest data are on hand, our phenological dates can only indicate anomalous temperature conditions during spring and early summer, i.e. mean temperatures which significantly correlate to these phenological records. In addition to these data, we used independent documentary sources from the municipal archives of Retz, a town in Lower Austria, for affirming or amending these results. The Author(s), 2011 Maurer C. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut Hammerl C. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut Koch E. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut Hammerl T. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut Pokorny E. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut Theoretical and Applied Climatology Springer Vienna 106/1-2(2011-11-01), 55-68 0177-798X 106:1-2<55 2011 106 704 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-011-0410-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-011-0410-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maurer C. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hammerl C. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Koch E. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hammerl T. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pokorny E. Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Hohe Warte 38, 1190, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Theoretical and Applied Climatology Springer Vienna 106/1-2(2011-11-01), 55-68 0177-798X 106:1-2<55 2011 106 704 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer