caa a22 4500 445803894 CHVBK 20180317145151.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10337-011-2038-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10337-011-2038-y High-Efficiency Liquid Chromatography Using Sub-2μm Columns at Elevated Temperature for the Analysis of Sulfonamides in Wastewater [Elektronische Daten] [Heba Shaaban, Tadeusz Górecki] Efficiency in HPLC can be enhanced by increasing the column length and/or decreasing the particle size. The use of high temperature in HPLC has emerged as a valuable tool to overcome the increase in column backpressure when using small packing particles, as it allows for reduction in mobile phase viscosity. In this study, high plate count was obtained by coupling sub-2μm columns at elevated temperature to reduce the viscosity of the mobile phase, thus reducing the column backpressure. At 80°C, up to three columns of 15cm×4.6mm I.D. packed with 1.8μm particles could be coupled generating ~84,000 theoretical plates for the last eluting compound. The number of theoretical plates was increased on average by a factor of ~3.6 when three columns were coupled at 80°C compared with one column at 30°C. The relationships between separation efficiency and column length were examined using Van Deemter plots constructed at 30°C and 80°C for different column lengths. The advantages of using coupled columns in combination with elevated temperature for the environmental analysis were illustrated using test mixtures comprised of eight sulfonamides separated on one column at 30°C and three coupled columns at 80°C by isocratic elution. Sample clean up was carried out by employing solid-phase extraction (SPE) using Oasis HLB cartridges. The method developed was validated based on parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, detection and quantification limits. Recoveries generally ranged from 71.7 to 99% (with the exception of sulfanilamide), with standard deviations not higher than 4.7%. The detection limits of the method ranged from 0.6-2μgL−1, while limits of quantification were in the range 2-6.7μgL−1 with UV detection. Springer-Verlag, 2011 HPLC nationallicence High efficiency nationallicence High temperature nationallicence Coupled columns nationallicence Environmental analysis nationallicence Sulfonamides nationallicence Shaaban Heba Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, ON, Canada aut Górecki Tadeusz Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, ON, Canada aut Chromatographia Springer-Verlag 74/1-2(2011-07-01), 9-17 0009-5893 74:1-2<9 2011 74 10337 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-011-2038-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-011-2038-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shaaban Heba Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Górecki Tadeusz Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Chromatographia Springer-Verlag 74/1-2(2011-07-01), 9-17 0009-5893 74:1-2<9 2011 74 10337 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer