caa a22 4500 445816422 CHVBK 20180317145229.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11214-010-9680-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11214-010-9680-9 Implications of X-ray Observations for Electron Acceleration and Propagation in Solar Flares [Elektronische Daten] [G. Holman, M. Aschwanden, H. Aurass, M. Battaglia, P. Grigis, E. Kontar, W. Liu, P. Saint-Hilaire, V. Zharkova] High-energy X-rays and γ-rays from solar flares were discovered just over fifty years ago. Since that time, the standard for the interpretation of spatially integrated flare X-ray spectra at energies above several tens of keV has been the collisional thick-target model. After the launch of the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) in early 2002, X-ray spectra and images have been of sufficient quality to allow a greater focus on the energetic electrons responsible for the X-ray emission, including their origin and their interactions with the flare plasma and magnetic field. The result has been new insights into the flaring process, as well as more quantitative models for both electron acceleration and propagation, and for the flare environment with which the electrons interact. In this article we review our current understanding of electron acceleration, energy loss, and propagation in flares. Implications of these new results for the collisional thick-target model, for general flare models, and for future flare studies are discussed. The Author(s), 2011 Sun: flares nationallicence Sun: X-rays nationallicence Gamma rays nationallicence Sun: radio radiation nationallicence Holman G. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 671, 20771, Greenbelt, MD, USA aut Aschwanden M. Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, Organization ADBS, Building 252, 3251 Hanover Street, 94304, Palo Alto, CA, USA aut Aurass H. Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany aut Battaglia M. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, Scotland, UK aut Grigis P. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics P-148, 60 Garden St., 02138, Cambridge, MA, USA aut Kontar E. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Kelvin Building, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK aut Liu W. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 671, 20771, Greenbelt, MD, USA aut Saint-Hilaire P. Space Sciences Lab, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA aut Zharkova V. Department of Computing and Mathematics, University of Bradford, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK aut Space Science Reviews Springer Netherlands 159/1-4(2011-09-01), 107-166 0038-6308 159:1-4<107 2011 159 11214 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9680-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9680-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Holman G. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 671, 20771, Greenbelt, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aschwanden M. Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, Organization ADBS, Building 252, 3251 Hanover Street, 94304, Palo Alto, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aurass H. Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Battaglia M. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, Scotland, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grigis P. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics P-148, 60 Garden St., 02138, Cambridge, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kontar E. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Kelvin Building, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu W. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 671, 20771, Greenbelt, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Saint-Hilaire P. Space Sciences Lab, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zharkova V. Department of Computing and Mathematics, University of Bradford, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Space Science Reviews Springer Netherlands 159/1-4(2011-09-01), 107-166 0038-6308 159:1-4<107 2011 159 11214 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer