caa a22 4500 445821027 CHVBK 20180317145244.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00239-011-9482-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00239-011-9482-z Ananko Grigory State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, 630559, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia aut A Model of Genetic Search for Beneficial Mutations: Estimating the Constructive Capacities of Mutagenesis [Elektronische Daten] [Grigory Ananko] We attempted to answer the following question: What evolutionary conditions are required to generate novel genetic modules? Our broad formulation of the problem allows us to simultaneously consider such issues as the relationship between the stage of "genetic search” and the rate of adaptive evolution; the theoretical limits to the generative capacities of spontaneous mutagenesis; and the correlation between genome organization and evolvability. We show that adaptive evolution is feasible only when the mutation rate is fine-tuned to a specific range of values and the structures of the genome and genes are optimized in a certain way. Our quantitative analysis has demonstrated that the rate of evolution of novelty depends on several parameters, such as genome size, the length of a module, the size of the adjacent nonfunctional DNA spacers, and the mutation rate at various genomic scales. We evaluated the efficiency of some mechanisms that increase evolvability: bias in the spectrum of mutation rates towards small mutations, and the availability and size of nonfunctional DNA spacers. We show that the probability of successful duplication and insertion of a copy of a functional module increases by several orders of magnitude depending on the length of the spacers flanking the module. We infer that the adaptive evolution of multicellular organisms has become feasible because of the abundance of nonfunctional DNA spacers, particularly introns, in the genome. We also discuss possible reasons underlying evolutionary retention of the mechanisms that increase evolvability. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2012 Evolvability nationallicence Second-order selection nationallicence Constructive mutation nationallicence Evolution cost nationallicence Exon-bordering domains nationallicence Exon shuffling nationallicence Genome organization nationallicence Journal of Molecular Evolution Springer-Verlag 73/5-6(2011-12-01), 337-354 0022-2844 73:5-6<337 2011 73 239 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-011-9482-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-011-9482-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Ananko Grigory State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, 630559, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Molecular Evolution Springer-Verlag 73/5-6(2011-12-01), 337-354 0022-2844 73:5-6<337 2011 73 239 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer