caa a22 4500 445821477 CHVBK 20180317145245.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00239-010-9408-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00239-010-9408-1 Evolution of Prokaryotic Genes by Shift of Stop Codons [Elektronische Daten] [Anna Vakhrusheva, Marat Kazanov, Andrey Mironov, Georgii Bazykin] De novo origin of coding sequence remains an obscure issue in molecular evolution. One of the possible paths for addition (subtraction) of DNA segments to (from) a gene is stop codon shift. Single nucleotide substitutions can destroy the existing stop codon, leading to uninterrupted translation up to the next stop codon in the gene's reading frame, or create a premature stop codon via a nonsense mutation. Furthermore, short indels-caused frameshifts near gene's end may lead to premature stop codons or to translation past the existing stop codon. Here, we describe the evolution of the length of coding sequence of prokaryotic genes by change of positions of stop codons. We observed cases of addition of regions of 3′UTR to genes due to mutations at the existing stop codon, and cases of subtraction of C-terminal coding segments due to nonsense mutations upstream of the stop codon. Many of the observed stop codon shifts cannot be attributed to sequencing errors or rare deleterious variants segregating within bacterial populations. The additions of regions of 3′UTR tend to occur in those genes in which they are facilitated by nearby downstream in-frame triplets which may serve as new stop codons. Conversely, subtractions of coding sequence often give rise to in-frame stop codons located nearby. The amino acid composition of the added region is significantly biased, compared to the overall amino acid composition of the genes. Our results show that in prokaryotes, shift of stop codon is an underappreciated contributor to functional evolution of gene length. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 Stop codons nationallicence Evolution nationallicence Prokaryotes nationallicence Frameshifts nationallicence Tandem stop codons nationallicence Stop codon read-through nationallicence Translation termination nationallicence 3′UTR nationallicence Gene length nationallicence Vakhrusheva Anna Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorbyevy Gory 1-73, 119992, Moscow, Russia aut Kazanov Marat Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Karenty pereulok 19, 127994, Moscow, Russia aut Mironov Andrey Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorbyevy Gory 1-73, 119992, Moscow, Russia aut Bazykin Georgii Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorbyevy Gory 1-73, 119992, Moscow, Russia aut Journal of Molecular Evolution Springer-Verlag 72/2(2011-02-01), 138-146 0022-2844 72:2<138 2011 72 239 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-010-9408-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-010-9408-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vakhrusheva Anna Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorbyevy Gory 1-73, 119992, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kazanov Marat Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Karenty pereulok 19, 127994, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mironov Andrey Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorbyevy Gory 1-73, 119992, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bazykin Georgii Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorbyevy Gory 1-73, 119992, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Molecular Evolution Springer-Verlag 72/2(2011-02-01), 138-146 0022-2844 72:2<138 2011 72 239 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer