caa a22 4500 445827564 CHVBK 20180317145303.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10854-011-0371-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10854-011-0371-4 Two-step sintering and electrical properties of sol-gel derived 0.94(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.06BaTiO3 lead-free ceramics [Elektronische Daten] [Weiqing Meng, Ruzhong Zuo, Shi Su, Xiaohui Wang, Longtu Li] Two-step pressureless sintering of sol-gel derived 0.94(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.06BaTiO3 (BNT-BT) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were investigated in comparison with conventional sintering. The effect of sintering regimes on the densification, grain growth behavior and electrical properties was discussed in detail. The results indicated that BNT-BT ceramics with a density of 95%, a relatively fine grain size of 850nm and comparable piezoelectric properties (d33 ~170 pC/N, kp ~0.26, Qm ~102) had been achieved by pre-sintering at 1,150°C to reach a critical density of 78%, and then cooling to a lower temperature of 1,050°C for 20h. The critical density value proves important at which the grain boundary diffusion could be maintained but the grain boundary migration suppressed at the same time. Moreover, the volatilization loss of Bi and Na elements could be inhibited by two-step sintering. Both the reduction of the grain size and the inhibition of the stoichiometry deviation together account for the variation of various electrical properties. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Meng Weiqing Institute of Electro Ceramics and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, People's Republic of China aut Zuo Ruzhong Institute of Electro Ceramics and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, People's Republic of China aut Su Shi Institute of Electro Ceramics and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, People's Republic of China aut Wang Xiaohui State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China aut Li Longtu State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China aut Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 22/12(2011-12-01), 1841-1847 0957-4522 22:12<1841 2011 22 10854 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-011-0371-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-011-0371-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Meng Weiqing Institute of Electro Ceramics and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zuo Ruzhong Institute of Electro Ceramics and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Su Shi Institute of Electro Ceramics and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009, Hefei, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Xiaohui State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Longtu State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 22/12(2011-12-01), 1841-1847 0957-4522 22:12<1841 2011 22 10854 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer