caa a22 4500 445834595 CHVBK 20180317145326.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00586-011-1939-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00586-011-1939-7 Equilibrium of the human body and the gravity line: the basics [Elektronische Daten] [J. Le Huec, R. Saddiki, J. Franke, J. Rigal, S. Aunoble] Introduction: Bipedalism is a distinguishing feature of the human race and is characterised by a narrow base of support and an ergonomically optimal position thanks to the appearance of lumbar and cervical curves. Materials: The pelvis, adapted to bipedalism, may be considered as the pelvic vertebra connecting the spine to the lower limbs. Laterally, the body's line of gravity is situated very slightly behind the femoral heads laterally, and frontally it runs through the middle of the sacrum at a point equidistant from the two femoral heads. Results: Any abnormal change through kyphosis regarding the spinal curves results in compensation, first in the pelvis through rotation and then in the lower limbs via knee flexion. This mechanism maintains the line of gravity within the base of support but is not ergonomic. To analyse sagittal balance, we must thus define the parameters concerned and the relationships between them. Conclusion: These parameters are as follows: for the pelvis: incidence angle, pelvis tilt, sacral slope; for the spine: point of inflexion, apex of lumbar lordosis, lumbar lordosis, spinal tilt at C7; for overall analysis: spino-sacral angle, which is an intrinsic parameter. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Sagittal balance nationallicence Gravity line nationallicence Spino-sacral angle nationallicence Incidence angle nationallicence Le Huec J. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut Saddiki R. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut Franke J. Department of Orthopedics, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany aut Rigal J. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut Aunoble S. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut European Spine Journal Springer-Verlag 20(2011-09-01), 558-563 0940-6719 20<558 2011 20 586 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-011-1939-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-011-1939-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Le Huec J. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Saddiki R. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Franke J. Department of Orthopedics, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rigal J. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aunoble S. Spine Unit 2, Surgical Research Lab, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33076, Bordeaux, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Spine Journal Springer-Verlag 20(2011-09-01), 558-563 0940-6719 20<558 2011 20 586 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer