caa a22 4500 44584146X CHVBK 20180317145345.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10725-010-9531-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10725-010-9531-4 Epigenetics in plant tissue culture [Elektronische Daten] [M. Smulders, G. de Klerk] Plants produced vegetatively in tissue culture may differ from the plants from which they have been derived. Two major classes of off-types occur: genetic ones and epigenetic ones. This review is about epigenetic aberrations. We discuss recent studies that have uncovered epigenetic modifications at the molecular level, viz., changes in DNA methylation and alterations of histone methylation or acetylation. Various studies have been carried out with animals, and with plant cells or tissues that have grown in tissue culture but only little work has been done with shoots generated by axillary branching. We present various molecular methods that are being used to measure epigenetic variation. In micropropagated plants mostly differences in DNA methylation have been examined. Epigenetic changes are thought to underlie various well-known tissue-culture phenomena including rejuvenation, habituation, and morphological changes such as flower abnormalities, bushiness, and tumorous outgrowths in, among others, oil palm, gerbera, Zantedeschia and rhododendron. The Author(s), 2010 Methylation nationallicence Micropropagation nationallicence Off-types nationallicence Rejuvenation nationallicence Habituation nationallicence Smulders M. Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut de Klerk G. Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut Plant Growth Regulation Springer Netherlands 63/2(2011-03-01), 137-146 0167-6903 63:2<137 2011 63 10725 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-010-9531-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-010-9531-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Smulders M. Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- de Klerk G. Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant Growth Regulation Springer Netherlands 63/2(2011-03-01), 137-146 0167-6903 63:2<137 2011 63 10725 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer