caa a22 4500 445847611 CHVBK 20180317145403.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10548-011-0177-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10548-011-0177-y Cortical Plasticity in 4-Month-Old Infants: Specific Effects of Experience with Musical Timbres [Elektronische Daten] [Laurel Trainor, Kathleen Lee, Daniel Bosnyak] Animal models suggest that the brain is particularly neuroplastic early in development, but previous studies have not systematically controlled the auditory environment in human infants and observed the effects on auditory cortical representations. We exposed 4-month-old infants to melodies in either guitar or marimba timbre (infants were randomly assigned to exposure group) for a total of~160min over the course of a week, after which we measured electroencephalogram (EEG) responses to guitar and marimba tones at pitches not previously heard during the exposure phase. A frontally negative response with a topography consistent with generation in auditory areas, peaking around 450ms, was significantly larger for guitar than marimba tones in the guitar-exposed group but significantly larger for marimba than guitar tones in the marimba-exposed group. This indicates that experience with tones in a particular timbre affects representations for that timbre, and that this effect generalizes to tones not previously experienced during exposure. Furthermore, mismatch responses to occasional small 3% changes in pitch were larger for tones in guitar than marimba timbre only for infants exposed to guitar tones. Together these results indicate that a relatively small amount of passive exposure to a particular timbre in infancy enhances representations of that timbre and leads to more precise pitch processing for that timbre. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Cortical plasticity nationallicence Auditory nationallicence Learning nationallicence Timbre nationallicence Music nationallicence Development nationallicence Infancy nationallicence Trainor Laurel Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada aut Lee Kathleen Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada aut Bosnyak Daniel Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada aut Brain Topography Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 24/3-4(2011-10-01), 192-203 0896-0267 24:3-4<192 2011 24 10548 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-011-0177-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-011-0177-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Trainor Laurel Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lee Kathleen Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bosnyak Daniel Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Topography Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 24/3-4(2011-10-01), 192-203 0896-0267 24:3-4<192 2011 24 10548 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer