caa a22 4500 44584762X CHVBK 20180317145403.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10548-010-0168-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10548-010-0168-4 Changes of Brain Structure and Function in ADHD Children [Elektronische Daten] [Ming-guo Qiu, Zhang Ye, Qi-yu Li, Guang-jiu Liu, Bing Xie, Jian Wang] To explore the changes of brain structure and function in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), fifteen ADHD patients (inattention subtype) and 15 normal control participants were recruited, the brain structure and function of these subjects were investigated by combining structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI. The results showed that ADHD patients had a significant decrease in the volume of the white matter (P=0.04), and a trend toward decreased volume of brain structures except for the putamen and globus pallidus. The visualization of statistical difference maps of the cortical thickness showed that ADHD patients had focal thinning in bilateral frontal regions and the right cingulate cortex (P<0.05 uncorrected, except for a cluster threshold of 10 voxels). Statistical analysis of the FA maps revealed that ADHD patients had significantly decreased FA in the forceps minor, the internal capsule, the corona radiata, the splenium of the corpus callosum, and the bilateral basal ganglia (P<0.05 uncorrected as above). ADHD patients had significantly decreased functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, left precuneus and thalamus, but increased functional connectivity in bilateral posterior medial frontal cortex in the default mode network (P<0.05 uncorrected as above). Our results provide new insights into the changes of the brain structure and function in ADHD, which suggests that alterations in the brain structural and functional connectivity might implicate the pathophysiology of ADHD. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 Resting-fMRI nationallicence Functional connectivity nationallicence Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder nationallicence Default mode network nationallicence Qiu Ming-guo Department of Medical Informatics and Medical Image, College of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut Ye Zhang Department of Medical Informatics and Medical Image, College of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut Li Qi-yu Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut Liu Guang-jiu Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut Xie Bing Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut Wang Jian Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut Brain Topography Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 24/3-4(2011-10-01), 243-252 0896-0267 24:3-4<243 2011 24 10548 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-010-0168-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-010-0168-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Qiu Ming-guo Department of Medical Informatics and Medical Image, College of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ye Zhang Department of Medical Informatics and Medical Image, College of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Qi-yu Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Guang-jiu Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xie Bing Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Jian Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Topography Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 24/3-4(2011-10-01), 243-252 0896-0267 24:3-4<243 2011 24 10548 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer