caa a22 4500 445847816 CHVBK 20180317145404.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10548-011-0172-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10548-011-0172-3 Electrophysiological Explorations of the Cause and Effect of Inhibition of Return in a Cue-Target Paradigm [Elektronische Daten] [Yin Tian, Raymond Klein, Jason Satel, Peng Xu, Dezhong Yao] Facilitation and inhibition of return (IOR) are, respectively, faster and slower responses to a peripherally cued target. In a spatially uninformative peripheral cueing task, facilitation is normally observed when the interval between the cue and target stimulus, the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA), is shorter than 250ms, while IOR is normally observed when an SOA greater than 250ms is used. Since Posner and Cohen's (Attention and performance X, 1984) seminal study, IOR has become an actively investigated component of orienting. In this study, using ERPs and the source localization algorithm, LORETA, we seek to examine the brain mechanisms involved in IOR by localizing the different stages of processing after the appearance of a cue that captures attention exogenously. Unlike previous ERP investigations of IOR, this study analyzes the neural activity (via EEG) produced in response to the cue, prior to the appearance of the target. Neural activations were approximately divided into three stages. In the early stage (110-240ms), involved activations are in the prefrontal cortex, the bilateral intraparietal cortex, and the contralateral occipito-temporal cortex. In the middle stage (240-350ms), activations are primarily found in the frontal cortex and the parietal cortex. In the late stage (350-650ms), the main activations are in the occipito-parietal cortex, but unlike in the early stage, the activation areas have shifted to the hemisphere ipsilateral to the cued location. These findings indicate that IOR is related to both attentional and motor response processes and suggest that the time course of initial facilitation and IOR is concurrent and mediated by two neural networks. Building upon our results, electrophysiological, electroencephalographic, and behavioral results in the literature and extending previous spatial theories of IOR, we propose here a spatio-temporal theory of IOR based upon post-cue dynamics. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011 Event-related potentials (ERPs) nationallicence Facilitation nationallicence Inhibition of return (IOR) nationallicence Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) nationallicence Spatially uninformative peripheral cue (SUPC) nationallicence Tian Yin Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, ChengDu, China aut Klein Raymond Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4J1, Halifax, NS, Canada aut Satel Jason Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4J1, Halifax, NS, Canada aut Xu Peng Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, ChengDu, China aut Yao Dezhong Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, ChengDu, China aut Brain Topography Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 24/2(2011-06-01), 164-182 0896-0267 24:2<164 2011 24 10548 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-011-0172-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-011-0172-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tian Yin Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, ChengDu, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Klein Raymond Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4J1, Halifax, NS, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Satel Jason Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4J1, Halifax, NS, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xu Peng Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, ChengDu, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yao Dezhong Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610054, ChengDu, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Brain Topography Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 24/2(2011-06-01), 164-182 0896-0267 24:2<164 2011 24 10548 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer