caa a22 4500 445853050 CHVBK 20180317145419.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00204-011-0695-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00204-011-0695-0 Toxicity of nanocrystal quantum dots: the relevance of surface modifications [Elektronische Daten] [Akiyoshi Hoshino, Sanshiro Hanada, Kenji Yamamoto] With the development of nanotechnology, nanometer-sized products smaller than several 100nm have been applied for all areas of science and technology. The nanometer-sized products, including carbon nanotubes, fullerene derivatives, and nanocrystals made of various materials, are widely employed as novel tools in various fields, not only in material engineering, electronics, plastics, automobile, aviation, and aerospace industries, but also even in cellular biology, molecular biology, and basic and clinical medical fields. In particular, nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) have been widely used in biological and medical studies because of their far brighter photoemission and photostability. The physical and chemical properties of QDs have been circumstantially investigated, but little is known about the potential harmful effects of QDs on human health. In addition to the physical and chemical properties of the QDs, their toxicity and biological behavior are generally regulated by three other conditions: (1) the QD core material itself, (2) the surface modifications of the QD, and (3) the external environmental condition of the QDs. We herein report on the in vitro and in vivo toxicity and biological behavior of nanocrystals such as QDs. Accumulating evidence suggests that the QD-capping material, rather than the core metalloid complex, is responsible for the majority of their toxicity and biological activity. For example, molecules covered with a toxic agent showed cytotoxicity, whereas QDs conjugated with biomolecules retained the biological effects of the conjugate. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Nanoparticle nationallicence Toxicity nationallicence Surface modification nationallicence Hoshino Akiyoshi Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan aut Hanada Sanshiro Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan aut Yamamoto Kenji Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan aut Archives of Toxicology Springer-Verlag 85/7(2011-07-01), 707-720 0340-5761 85:7<707 2011 85 204 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-011-0695-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-011-0695-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hoshino Akiyoshi Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hanada Sanshiro Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yamamoto Kenji Vice Director's Lab, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8655, Tokyo, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Archives of Toxicology Springer-Verlag 85/7(2011-07-01), 707-720 0340-5761 85:7<707 2011 85 204 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer