caa a22 4500 44585409X CHVBK 20180317145423.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00204-011-0767-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00204-011-0767-1 Developmental toxicity testing in the 21st century: the sword of Damocles shattered by embryonic stem cell assays? [Elektronische Daten] [Andrea Seiler, Michael Oelgeschläger, Manfred Liebsch, Ralph Pirow, Christian Riebeling, Tewes Tralau, Andreas Luch] Modern society faces an inherent dilemma. In our globalized society, we are spoilt for choice by an ever-increasing number of products, many of which are made of new materials and compound mixtures. At the same time, as consumers we got accustomed to the idea of a life minimized for risk, including our own exposure to chemicals from the environment or to compounds present in and released from everyday products. Chemical safety testing bridges these obviously diverging interests, and the corresponding legislation has hence been tremendously extended (e.g., introduction of the European legislation REACH in 2007). However, the underlying regulatory toxicology still relies mainly on animal testing, which is relatively slow, expensive, and ethically arguable. Meanwhile, recent years have seen a surge in efforts to develop alternative testing systems and strategies. Expectations are particularly high for the applicability of stem cells as test systems especially for developmental toxicity testing in vitro. For the first time in history, test systems can be based on differentiating cells and tissue progenitors in culture, thus bringing the ‘vision of toxicity testing in the 21st century' a step closer. Springer-Verlag, 2011 Developmental toxicity testing nationallicence Embryonic stem cells nationallicence ‘3R'-concept nationallicence Alternatives to animal testing nationallicence Cell-based in vitro systems nationallicence Toxicology in the 21st century nationallicence Seiler Andrea Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Oelgeschläger Michael Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Liebsch Manfred Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Pirow Ralph Department of Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Riebeling Christian Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Tralau Tewes Department of Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Luch Andreas Department of Product Safety and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut Archives of Toxicology Springer-Verlag 85/11(2011-11-01), 1361-1372 0340-5761 85:11<1361 2011 85 204 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-011-0767-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-011-0767-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Seiler Andrea Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oelgeschläger Michael Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liebsch Manfred Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pirow Ralph Department of Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Riebeling Christian Department of Experimental Toxicology and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tralau Tewes Department of Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Luch Andreas Department of Product Safety and Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (ZEBET), German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Archives of Toxicology Springer-Verlag 85/11(2011-11-01), 1361-1372 0340-5761 85:11<1361 2011 85 204 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer