caa a22 4500 445857102 CHVBK 20180317145431.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1 Genetic consequences of trumpeter swan ( Cygnus buccinator ) reintroductions [Elektronische Daten] [Findley Ransler, Thomas Quinn, Sara Oyler-McCance] Relocation programs are often initiated to restore threatened species to previously occupied portions of their range. A primary challenge of restoration efforts is to translocate individuals in a way that prevents loss of genetic diversity and decreases differentiation relative to source populations—a challenge that becomes increasingly difficult when remnant populations of the species are already genetically depauperate. Trumpeter swans were previously extirpated in the entire eastern half of their range. Physical translocations of birds over the last 70years have restored the species to portions of its historical range. Despite the long history of management, there has been little monitoring of the genetic outcomes of these restoration attempts. We assessed the consequences of this reintroduction program by comparing patterns of genetic variation at 17 microsatellite loci across four restoration flocks (three wild-released, one captive) and their source populations. We found that a wild-released population established from a single source displayed a trend toward reduced genetic diversity relative to and significant genetic differentiation from its source population, though small founder population effects may also explain this pattern. Wild-released flocks restored from multiple populations maintained source levels of genetic variation and lacked significant differentiation from at least one of their sources. Further, the flock originating from a single source revealed significantly lower levels of genetic variation than those established from multiple sources. The distribution of genetic variation in the captive flock was similar to its source. While the case of trumpeter swans provides evidence that restorations from multiple versus single source populations may better preserve natural levels of genetic diversity, more studies are needed to understand the general applicability of this management strategy. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. (outside the USA), 2010 Translocation nationallicence Reintroduction nationallicence Trumpeter swan nationallicence Microsatellite nationallicence Conservation genetics nationallicence Genetic diversity nationallicence PP : Pacific Population nationallicence RMP : Rocky Mountain Population nationallicence Ransler Findley Department of Biological Sciences, Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics, University of Denver, 80208, Denver, CO, USA aut Quinn Thomas Department of Biological Sciences, Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics, University of Denver, 80208, Denver, CO, USA aut Oyler-McCance Sara Department of Biological Sciences, Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics, University of Denver, 80208, Denver, CO, USA aut Conservation Genetics Springer Netherlands 12/1(2011-02-01), 257-268 1566-0621 12:1<257 2011 12 10592 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-010-0137-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ransler Findley Department of Biological Sciences, Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics, University of Denver, 80208, Denver, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Quinn Thomas Department of Biological Sciences, Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics, University of Denver, 80208, Denver, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oyler-McCance Sara Department of Biological Sciences, Rocky Mountain Center for Conservation Genetics and Systematics, University of Denver, 80208, Denver, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Conservation Genetics Springer Netherlands 12/1(2011-02-01), 257-268 1566-0621 12:1<257 2011 12 10592 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer