caa a22 4500 445857315 CHVBK 20180317145432.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10592-011-0251-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10592-011-0251-8 The phylogeographic structure and conservation genetics of the endangered tree peony, Paeonia rockii (Paeoniaceae), inferred from chloroplast gene sequences [Elektronische Daten] [Jun-hui Yuan, Fang-Yun Cheng, Shi-Liang Zhou] The endangered species Paeonia rockii is the most important ancestral species of the cultivated tree peonies. These well-known ornamental plants are termed the ‘King of Flowers' in China. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of 335 wild samples from 20 populations throughout the entire distributional range of the species based on three chloroplast DNA sequences (petB-petD, rps16-trnQ and psbA-trnH). At those loci, high levels of genetic differentiation (G ST =0.94) and low levels of genetic variation (θ=0.00185) were detected. The intraspecific phylogeny revealed four groups, the western group, the Taibai mountain group, the northern group and the eastern group, which closely coincided with the geographic distribution of the species. A phylogeographic structure of this kind could result from a number of integrated factors, such as allopatric fragmentation, climatic fluctuations, increased abortion and declining germination of seeds, or lack of gene flow among populations, especially across the geographic barrier of the high Qinling Mountains, and it could also result from adaptive evolution. For conservation purposes, each extant population of P. rockii should be recognized as a conservation-significant unit, and a more stringent conservation strategy should incorporate in situ and ex situ methods. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Paeonia rockii nationallicence Conservation genetics nationallicence Phylogeographic structure nationallicence Chloroplast gene sequences nationallicence petB-petD nationallicence rps16-trnQ nationallicence psbA-trnH nationallicence Yuan Jun-hui Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua Eastern Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China aut Cheng Fang-Yun Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua Eastern Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China aut Zhou Shi-Liang State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, 100093, Beijing, China aut Conservation Genetics Springer Netherlands 12/6(2011-12-01), 1539-1549 1566-0621 12:6<1539 2011 12 10592 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0251-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0251-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yuan Jun-hui Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua Eastern Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cheng Fang-Yun Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua Eastern Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhou Shi-Liang State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, 100093, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Conservation Genetics Springer Netherlands 12/6(2011-12-01), 1539-1549 1566-0621 12:6<1539 2011 12 10592 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer