caa a22 4500 445857706 CHVBK 20180317145433.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10592-011-0213-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10592-011-0213-1 Depleted genetic variation of the European ground squirrel in Central Europe in both microsatellites and the major histocompatibility complex gene: implications for conservation [Elektronische Daten] [Štěpánka Říčanová, Josef Bryja, Jean-François Cosson, Csongor Gedeon, Lukáš Choleva, Michal Ambros, František Sedláček] Habitat fragmentation may influence the genetic make-up and adaptability of endangered populations. To facilitate genetic monitoring of the endangered European ground squirrel (EGS), we analyzed 382 individuals from 16 populations in Central Europe, covering almost half of its natural range. We tested how fragmentation affects the genetic architecture of presumably selectively neutral (12 microsatellites) and non-neutral (the major histocompatibility class II DRB gene) loci. Spatial genetic analyses defined two groups of populations, "western” and "eastern”, with a significantly higher level of habitat fragmentation in the former group. The highly fragmented western populations had significantly lower genetic diversity in both types of markers. Only one allele of the DRB gene predominated in populations of the western group, while four alleles were evenly distributed across the eastern populations. Coefficient of inbreeding values (F IS) calculated from microsatellites were significantly higher in the western (0.27-0.79) than in eastern populations (−0.060-0.119). Inter-population differentiation was very high, but similar in both groups (western F ST=0.23, eastern F ST=0.25). The test of isolation by distance was significant for the whole dataset, as well as for the two groups analyzed separately. Comparison of genetic variability and structure on microsatellites and the DRB gene does not provide any evidence for contemporary selection on MHC genes. We suggest that genetic drift in small bottlenecked and fragmented populations may overact the role of balancing selection. Based on the resulting risk of inbreeding depression in the western populations, we support population management by crossbreeding between the western and eastern populations. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Souslik nationallicence Endangered species nationallicence Sciuridae nationallicence Habitat fragmentation nationallicence DRB nationallicence MHC Class II nationallicence Říčanová Štěpánka Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic aut Bryja Josef Department of Population Biology, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, ASCR, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic aut Cosson Jean-François Centre de Biologie et Gestion des Populations, INRA, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS-30 016, 34 988, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France aut Gedeon Csongor Research Institute of Soil Biology and Agricultural Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 15 Herman Ottó, 1022, Budapest, Hungary aut Choleva Lukáš Department of Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology and Genetics, Institute of Animals Physiology and Genetics, ASCR, Rumburská 89, 277 21, Liběchov, Czech Republic aut Ambros Michal Ponitrie Landscape Protected Area, Samova 3, 949 01, Nitra, Slovakia aut Sedláček František Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic aut Conservation Genetics Springer Netherlands 12/4(2011-08-01), 1115-1129 1566-0621 12:4<1115 2011 12 10592 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0213-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0213-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Říčanová Štěpánka Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bryja Josef Department of Population Biology, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, ASCR, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cosson Jean-François Centre de Biologie et Gestion des Populations, INRA, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS-30 016, 34 988, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gedeon Csongor Research Institute of Soil Biology and Agricultural Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 15 Herman Ottó, 1022, Budapest, Hungary aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Choleva Lukáš Department of Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology and Genetics, Institute of Animals Physiology and Genetics, ASCR, Rumburská 89, 277 21, Liběchov, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ambros Michal Ponitrie Landscape Protected Area, Samova 3, 949 01, Nitra, Slovakia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sedláček František Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Conservation Genetics Springer Netherlands 12/4(2011-08-01), 1115-1129 1566-0621 12:4<1115 2011 12 10592 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer