caa a22 4500 445864583 CHVBK 20180317145454.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11119-010-9202-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11119-010-9202-5 Assessing the impact of site-specific spraying on control of Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) damage and natural enemies [Elektronische Daten] [Roghaiyeh Karimzadeh, Mir Hejazi, Hossein Helali, Shahzad Iranipour, Seyed Mohammadi] Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton is a key pest of wheat and barley in Iran. In this study, the impact of site-specific spraying on control of sunn pest damage and densities of the natural enemies was compared with the whole-field spraying method in 2009 and 2010. Three plots were assigned to each spraying method and two others were left untreated as control. The plots were divided into 11×11m grids. Adults of E. integriceps were sampled using the distance-walk method. Coccinellids, Chrysoperla carnea and nymphs of sunn pest were sampled using a sweep net. Spatial analysis of datasets was done using Geostatistical Analyst extension of ArcGIS 9.3. The spatial analysis indicated that the adults and nymphs of E. integriceps had aggregated distribution in space and that site-specific spraying was applicable. Whole-field spraying was carried out when the mean density of E. integriceps in plots exceeded the economic threshold. In the site-specific spraying method, decamethrin ([cyano-[3-(phenoxy) phenyl] methyl] 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate) was applied to the grid cells with densities above the economic threshold. Site-specific application reduced the insecticide input by ca. 40-50%. The numbers of C. carnea and coccinellids were higher in site-specifically sprayed plots compared with whole-sprayed plots after treatment. The mean numbers of nymphs were not significantly different (P<0.01) in whole-field and site-specifically sprayed plots. Percent damaged grain was below the economic damage threshold in all treated plots. It can be concluded that site-specific spraying has the potential to control E. integriceps at an acceptable level along with reducing the amount of insecticide used. It also conserved natural enemies in untreated refuges. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010 Site-specific pest management nationallicence Eurygaster integriceps nationallicence Natural enemies nationallicence Karimzadeh Roghaiyeh Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888, Tabriz, Iran aut Hejazi Mir Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888, Tabriz, Iran aut Helali Hossein Department of Geomatics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran aut Iranipour Shahzad Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888, Tabriz, Iran aut Mohammadi Seyed Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14776, Tabriz, Iran aut Precision Agriculture Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 12/4(2011-08-01), 576-593 1385-2256 12:4<576 2011 12 11119 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-010-9202-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-010-9202-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Karimzadeh Roghaiyeh Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hejazi Mir Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Helali Hossein Department of Geomatics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Iranipour Shahzad Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mohammadi Seyed Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14776, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Precision Agriculture Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 12/4(2011-08-01), 576-593 1385-2256 12:4<576 2011 12 11119 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer