caa a22 4500 445869798 CHVBK 20180317145508.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11101-010-9174-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11101-010-9174-0 Toxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids to humans and ruminants [Elektronische Daten] [Helmut Wiedenfeld, John Edgar] 1,2-dehydro pyrrolizidine ester alkaloids (PA) are toxic for human and livestock. The PAs undergo a metabolic toxication process in the liver which is the first target organ for PA poisoning. World-wide many episodes of PA intoxications have been reported involving humans as well as ruminants. This intoxication is not only related to the amount and duration of the exposure to PAs but also to species, age and gender. Besides the metabolic toxification, detoxication processes are also important. The paper discusses the toxification and detoxication processes and gives an overview about PA poisoning cases in humans and ruminants. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2010 Metabolic toxification nationallicence Detoxication nationallicence Poisoning in humans nationallicence Poisoning in ruminants nationallicence Wiedenfeld Helmut Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany aut Edgar John CSIRO Food and Nutritional Sciences, 2113, North Ryde, NSW, Australia aut Phytochemistry Reviews Springer Netherlands 10/1(2011-03-01), 137-151 1568-7767 10:1<137 2011 10 11101 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-010-9174-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-010-9174-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wiedenfeld Helmut Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Edgar John CSIRO Food and Nutritional Sciences, 2113, North Ryde, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Phytochemistry Reviews Springer Netherlands 10/1(2011-03-01), 137-151 1568-7767 10:1<137 2011 10 11101 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer