caa a22 4500 445883413 CHVBK 20180317145551.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10157-011-0461-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10157-011-0461-x Kusano Eiji Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, 329-0498, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan aut Mechanism by which chronic kidney disease causes cardiovascular disease and the measures to manage this phenomenon [Elektronische Daten] [Eiji Kusano] In Japan, the number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is thought to be 13,300,000, next in size after those with hypertension and diabetes. Although the number of patients with CKD seems large, it does not mean that all these patients require special treatment. Among them, nephrologists should pay special attention to patients with glomerular filtration rate below 50mL/min/1.73m2 and progressive deterioration of renal function. Treatment of these CKD patients by a limited number of specialists is simply impossible; hence, it is essential to request treatment from physicians who are involved in general internal medicine and primary care. It is well known that not only does CKD cause end-stage renal failure, it also causes the onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as cardiac infarction and cerebral stroke; however, the question is how much significance does CKD have as a risk factor for CVD. It is understandable that hypertension and CVD are often complications of CKD; however, in addition to what is conventionally mentioned, there are three or four mechanisms that we would like to emphasize, and discuss herein. Among them, we would like to stress the role of klotho genes with special reference to the generation of CVD in CKD patients. When patients develop CKD, it is therefore necessary to remove as far as possible any factors that could represent a risk for CVD. Moreover, by taking appropriate measures against clinical conditions that often complicate CKD, such as hypertension, renal anemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidaemia, the development of CVD can be prevented. Japanese Society of Nephrology, 2011 Chronic kidney disease nationallicence Cardiovascular disease nationallicence Endothelial progenitor cells nationallicence Klotho gene nationallicence Indoxyl sulfate nationallicence Clinical and Experimental Nephrology Springer Japan 15/5(2011-10-01), 627-633 1342-1751 15:5<627 2011 15 10157 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-011-0461-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-011-0461-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Kusano Eiji Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, 329-0498, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Clinical and Experimental Nephrology Springer Japan 15/5(2011-10-01), 627-633 1342-1751 15:5<627 2011 15 10157 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer