caa a22 4500 445885971 CHVBK 20180317145559.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00011-010-0288-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00011-010-0288-z Phytosterols ameliorate clinical manifestations and inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis [Elektronische Daten] [Michael Valerio, Hong-biao Liu, Reid Heffner, Robert Zivadinov, Murali Ramanathan, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Atif Awad] Introduction: Using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS), the objective of this study was to examine the effect of phytosterol (PS) administration on inflammation-based EAE development. Methods: Female SJL mice were orally administered PS prior to disease induction and maintained throughout the experiment. EAE was induced with antigenic peptide (PLP131-155). Mice were clinically scored for disease and euthanized for biochemical and histological analysis of inflammation. Results: PS delayed onset of EAE development by 2days and decreased disease severity by 55%. Brain histological analysis revealed an 82% decrease in central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory infiltration and a 48% decrease in demyelination in PS-treated mice versus control. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed a 35% reduction in macrophages entering brains of PS-treated mice. Anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 was up-regulated by 10%, while pro-inflammatory CCL2 was inhibited by 50% with PS treatment. Additionally, PS slightly decreased other pro-inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-γ. Conclusion: PS protects against development of EAE by reducing infiltration and inflammatory activity of immune cells into CNS of treated mice, thereby decreasing demyelination associated with EAE. These results provide evidence to support PS as a preventative agent that helps to protect against the development of inflammation-driven disease, such as MS. Springer Basel AG, 2010 Phytosterols nationallicence EAE nationallicence Macrophages nationallicence IL-10 nationallicence CCL2 nationallicence Demyelination nationallicence Valerio Michael SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Liu Hong-biao SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Heffner Reid SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Zivadinov Robert Baird Multiple Sclerosis Center for MS Treatment and Research, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo General Hospital-E2, SUNY at Buffalo, 14203, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Ramanathan Murali SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Weinstock-Guttman Bianca Baird Multiple Sclerosis Center for MS Treatment and Research, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo General Hospital-E2, SUNY at Buffalo, 14203, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Awad Atif SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut Inflammation Research SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel 60/5(2011-05-01), 457-465 1023-3830 60:5<457 2011 60 11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-010-0288-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-010-0288-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Valerio Michael SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Hong-biao SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Heffner Reid SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zivadinov Robert Baird Multiple Sclerosis Center for MS Treatment and Research, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo General Hospital-E2, SUNY at Buffalo, 14203, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ramanathan Murali SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Weinstock-Guttman Bianca Baird Multiple Sclerosis Center for MS Treatment and Research, Jacobs Neurological Institute, Buffalo General Hospital-E2, SUNY at Buffalo, 14203, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Awad Atif SUNY at Buffalo, 2 Sherman Hall, 14214, Buffalo, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Inflammation Research SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel 60/5(2011-05-01), 457-465 1023-3830 60:5<457 2011 60 11 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer